Countercurrent flow esterification reactor for preparing biodiesel and method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a reverse flow esterifier for producing biodiesel and a method thereof. The reverse flow esterifier comprises an esterification reaction tower, a first feeding device, a second feeding device, a first discharging device and a second discharging device. The raw material containing fatty acid and the raw material containing ethanol are put into the reverse flow esterifier to produce the biodiesel through the esterification reaction in the esterification reaction tower.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a reverse flow esterification reactor and method for producing biodiesel, in particular to an esterification reaction tower with a high temperature and high pressure environment, which can be transesterified without additional additives to produce biodiesel. Equipment and methods for quality diesel oil. Background technique [0002] With the large demand for energy required for the economic growth of developing countries in the world, the international crude oil price rise caused by the imbalance between energy supply and demand, and the development trend of global greenhouse gas reduction after the Kyoto Protocol takes effect, urge governments to actively develop biomass energy, etc. Renewable alternative energy, biodiesel is a kind of biomass energy, which is "using fatty acids of animal and vegetable oils or waste cooking oil, in the presence of catalysts, reacts with alcohols to produce ester fuels", biodiesel can effective...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] In the prior art, compared with the traditional transesterification process using catalysts, the main advantages of using supercritical alcohols for oil transesterification are that no catalyst is needed, the degree of transesterification is high, and the purification process in the latter stage can be simplified Glycerin and glycerin recovery quality, although the use of supercritical alcohols for the preparation of biodiesel has been regarded as the next generation of emerging manufacturing technology, but previous studies have pointed out that if you want to achieve a conversion rate of more than 99% within 10 minutes, in Under the pressure of 30 million pascals, a relatively high operating temperature must be given, and its operating temperature is as high as 400 degrees Celsius. At such a high operating temperature, there are more by-products in the transesterification reaction. Therefore, how to reduce the reaction temperature is an urgent need. To solve the problem, if you want to lower the reaction temperature, the means used include adding co-solvents, such as carbon dioxide or propane, or developing solid catalysts; also because the esterification reaction of alcohol and acid is an equilibrium reaction, the conversion rate is affected by the temperature. The influence of pressure and pressure is great. Although adding a large amount of excess alcohol can slightly reduce the operating temperature and pressure and obtain a higher conversion rate, it must consume a large amount of alcohol, resulting in uneconomical and environmental burdens.

[0004] However, the previous technology has unavoidable shortcomings, that is, the use of additives, the difficulty of the process, the difficulty of process control, the burden on the environment and the high manufacturing cost.

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