Large-sized mechanical equipment structure dynamic simulation test method

Abstract

The invention provides a large mechanical equipment structure dynamic similarity test method, comprising the steps as follows: (1) a basic similarity theorem is adopted, all physical quantities are listed, geometrical quantity, density and elastic modulus are determined as basic physical quantities, and the similarity theorem is written into a dimensionless equation expressed by the basic physical quantity; (2) according to concerned basic physical principle, the similarity ratio of all physical quantities adopts similar relation expression, and the similar relation expression is modified according to a structure elastic vibration similarity equation; (3) similar model material is selected, density similarity ratio and elastic modulus similarity ratio are determined, geometrical quantity similarity ratio is determined, and the similar model design is then completed; (4) a structure dynamic test of the similar model is carried out so as to obtain the dynamic characteristic number which is substituted into the similarity relation expression so as to work out the dynamic characteristic data of the original model which is also the natural vibration frequency. The large mechanical equipment structure dynamic similarity test method realizes the conversion of ultra-large structure dynamic natural frequency with small model, effectively reduces the scales of dynamic test objects, simplifies the test instruments, and reduces the test cost.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a mechanical dynamic performance test method, which is especially suitable for the dynamic performance test method of large-scale mechanical equipment such as large-scale machine tools, large-scale units and other mechanical equipment. Background technique: [0002] At present, the widely used structural dynamic performance test method is the hammering method, which uses an elastic hammer to perform a hammering test on the test object, and captures the frequency domain characteristics of the test object through acceleration sensors, data collectors, and charge amplifiers, and further transforms to obtain the test Dynamic performance data such as the natural frequency of the object. However, due to the limitation of the test equipment of the hammering method, it is impossible to directly carry out the hammering test on the whole machine for large-scale mechanical equipment such as machining centers and generator sets. However, ...

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Problems solved by technology

However, due to the limitation of the test device of the hammering method, it is impossible to directly carry out the hammering test on the whole machine for large-scale mechanical equipment such as machining centers and generator sets.

However, the cost of designing special dynamic characteristic test instruments and solutions for large-scale mechanical equipment is too high. Therefore, at present, theoretical calculations are mostly used instead of tests, or the structure is disassembled based on the modal synthesis method and then small pieces are tested.

[0003] Therefore, there is still a lack of a cost-effective and more accurate test method for directly testing the dynamic performance of large-scale mechanical equipment.

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