The invention provides a hole digging
machine realizing anchoring through being driven by an air pressure cylinder. The hole digging
machine comprises an outside casing (8), a driving motor (9) and a hole digging
drill pipe component (6), wherein the hole digging
drill pipe component (6) is driven by the driving motor (9); the driving motor (9) is arranged inside the outside casing (8) and is in axially gliding power connection with a spline hole formed in a driving sleeve part (61) of the hole digging
drill pipe component (6) through a fixedly connected spline rod (91); the driving sleeve part (61) of the hole digging
drill pipe component (6) is fixedly connected with a
drill pipe part (62) of the hole digging
drill pipe component (6) through a gradually reduction connecting part (612); and an axial extending key is arranged on the outer
peripheral surface of the driving sleeve part (61) and is used for being matched with an axial extending key slot formed in the inner
peripheral wall of a tube body (71) of an external threaded sleeve component (7).