N-doped nanocarbon materials and method for manufacturing the same
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example 1
[0098]First, an aqueous solution containing 200 mg of fumaronitrile dispersed in 50 mL of distilled water is introduced to a 100 mL round-bottom flask and heated in an oil bath equipped with a reflux condenser at 220° C. for 25 minutes to decompose and crystallize fumaronitrile, an organic precursor, in aqueous solution, thereby providing a plurality of carbon quantum dots. Then, a vacuum rotary concentrator is used to remove distilled water completely in the aqueous solution including the carbon quantum dots and the carbon quantum dots are freeze dried at −70° C. to obtain yellow colored carbon quantum dot powder.
examples 2-4
[0099]Example 1 is repeated, except that THF, butyl aldehyde or benzyl aldehyde is used instead of distilled water, thereby providing carbon quantum dot powder according to each of Examples 2-4.
example 5
[0100]The carbon quantum dots obtained according to Example 1 are added to an active layer in an amount of 2 wt % based on the total weight of the active layer to provide an active layer. Then, the active layer is used to provide an organic solar cell device having a structure of ITO / PEIE / PTB7:PC71BM (+2 wt % N-CQDs) / MoO3 / Ag.
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