Apparatus and Method Of Gastric Cooling Using Balloon Catheter

Abstract

A balloon catheter is used in a closed-loop heat exchange system for manipulating the temperature of a patient. The balloon catheter is positioned in the stomach of the patient, and then expanded with a heat exchange fluid delivered through a lumen formed in the shaft of the catheter. The balloon catheter comes into contact with the wall of the stomach, and the stomach substantially conforms around the expanded balloon catheter. The heat exchange fluid is allowed to flow continuously into and out of the balloon catheter. Heat is exchanged between the balloon catheter and the stomach so as to controllably alter the temperature of at least a portion of the patient. Anti-shivering mechanisms and automatic control based on temperature feedback from the patient may be used in connection with the heat exchange system.

Description

[0001]This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 13 / 037,224, filed Feb. 28, 2011, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,652,190, issued Feb. 18, 2014, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 11 / 474,590, filed Jun. 26, 2006, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,896,009, issued Mar. 1, 2011, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 10 / 051,870, filed on Jan. 16, 2002, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,077,825, issued Jul. 18, 2006, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. Applicant claims priority to all of the applications in the chain.[0002]This invention relates generally to apparatus and methods for the selective modification and control of body temperature by lowering, maintaining or raising the temperature of a portion of a patient's body. More particularly, the invention relates to the application of a gastric temperature control technique using a heat exchange fluid circulated through a balloon catheter.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0003]Normothe...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The patent describes a method for controlling the body temperature of a patient by using a balloon catheter placed in the stomach. The balloon catheter has a heat exchange region that can cool or heat the blood flowing through the stomach, which in turn affects the patient's body temperature. This method is particularly useful for inducing mild hypothermia to increase heart contractility and reduce metabolic requirements. An external heat exchange unit can be used to control the temperature of the heat exchange fluid circulated through the catheter. Overall, this method provides a safe and effective way to manage patient body temperature.

Problems solved by technology

It is also known that a fever significantly increases the risk of a bad neurologic outcome suffered by a stroke victim.

The dramatic generation of metabolic heat due to shivering, particularly in addition to heat added by other means, can result in rapid and uncontrolled re-warming.

However, the human body has very effective thermoregulatory responses such as areterio-venous shunts, vasoconstriction, and shivering, that generally combine to make such surface cooling and cold breathing gases ineffective to control core body temperature.

The inflation of the balloon within the esophagus, however, may block the esophagus with various problematic results, for example blockage of saliva drainage to the stomach, and may limit the duration of the temperature treatment.

The direct application of fluid to the stomach, and an inability to aspirate much of the delivered water, may cause abdominal cramping, gastrointestinal irritation, and diarrhea.

This method is also generally messy and not suited for use in many environments, for example hospitals or ambulances.

This procedure may also be limited by the amount of fluid which may be delivered into the stomach, particularly where a patient is very sensitive to fluid overload such as a patient suffering a myocardial infarct.

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