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Nicotinic receptor compounds

a technology of nicotinic receptors and compounds, applied in the direction of heterocyclic compound active ingredients, drug compositions, biocides, etc., can solve the problems of individuals quitting smoking, unable to quit smoking tobacco products, and extremely difficult to provide therapeutic treatment for smoking addiction

Inactive Publication Date: 2015-10-29
RES TRIANGLE INST +2
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present patent relates to methods, compounds, and compositions for promoting smoking cessation or reducing tobacco use and nicotine addiction. The compounds described in the patent are designed to selectively modulate the function of a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, which plays a role in the addictive effects of nicotine. The compounds can be administered as pharmaceutical compositions or as selective antagonists for the receptor. The technical effects of the patent include promoting smoking cessation, reducing tobacco use, and treating nicotine addiction.

Problems solved by technology

Consequently, providing therapeutic treatment for smoking addiction is an extremely difficult challenge.
Tobacco products, including cigarettes, cigars, pipes and smokeless tobacco, can cause a variety of well-recognized health problems.
However, some individuals cannot quit smoking tobacco products, in spite of focused attempts to succeed.
One major factor in the difficulty of quitting smoking is the presence of nicotine in tobacco.
For complex reasons, this method is not always entirely successful.
Varenicline, a partial nicotine agonist, has been used for smoking cessation, but there is some evidence that varenicline produces increased risk of heart attack, stroke and / or other cardiovascular problems and neuropsychiatric side effects.
For example, the nonselective antagonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors mecamylamine has been used to promote smoking cessation; however, due to undesirable side effects, it is generally ineffective alone.
Compounds which act as nicotine substitutes and block nicotine's effects would be preferred smoking cessation agents, but are difficult to identify.
In spite of the known methods for treating smoking addiction, there remains a lack of generally effective means of treating and / or reducing smoking addiction.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Synthesis of 2′-Fluoro-3′-(4-substituted-phenyl)deschloroepibatidine analogues

[0061]

X═SO2NH2 (RTI-7527-192), SO2CF3 (RTI-7527-193), CF3 (RTI-7527-153), SO2CH3 (RTI-7527-154), CN(RTI-7527-155)

[0062]The steps in the synthesis of 2′-fluoro-3′-(4-benzenesulfonamide), 2′-fluoro-3′-(4-trifluoromethanesulfonyl phenyl), 2′-fluoro-3′-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl), 2′-fluoro-3′-(4-methanesulfonylphenyl), and 2′-fluoro-3′-(4-cyanophenyl) deschloroepibatidines were carried out as represented in Schemes 1-4 below.

[0063]Heck-cross coupling of olefin 1, followed by bromination of 3 and fluorination of 4 via the Sandmeyer reactions were all performed to provide the 2′-fluoro-3′-bromo compound 5. Boc re-protection was achieved by stirring 5 in the presence of Boc anhydride, Et3N and DMAP in THF as the solvent to furnish compound 6. Suzuki-Miyaura borylation of 2′-fluoro-3′-bromo deschloroepibatidine (6) was performed through a microwave assisted cross-coupling of 6 with bis(pinacolato)diboron in the pre...

example 2

Experimental Procedures

7-tert-Butoxycarbonyl-2-exo-(2′-fluoro-3′-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-5′-pyridinyl)-7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane (7)

[0070]

[0071]In a microwave vial was placed 7-tert-butoxycarbonyl-2-exo-(2′-fluoro-3′-bromo-5′-pyridinyl)-7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane (6) (214 mg, 0.578 mmol, 1.0 equiv), bis(pinacolato)diboron (176 mg, 0.694 mmol, 1.2 equiv), KOAc (170 mg, 1.73 mmol, 3.0 equiv), Pd(dppf)Cl2 (21 mg, 0.0289 mmol, 5 mol %) and anhydrous 1,4-dioxane (3 mL). The mixture was degassed through bubbling nitrogen for 20 min and then was irradiated in a microwave at 140° C. for 15 min. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was diluted with EtOAc, filtered through a plug of Celite and anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuo. The resultant residue was purified by flash chromatograph through an ISCO column (EtOAc-hexanes) to provide 200 mg (83%) of 7 as a colorless oil.

[0072]1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ (ppm) 1.26 (s, 12H), 1.44 (s, 9H), 1.60-1.53 (m, 2...

example 3

Synthesis of RTI-7527-168 and RTI-7257-169

[0104]

[0105]Reagents and conditions: (a) 70% HF-pyridine, NaNO2 (b) Pd(PPh3)4, carbamoyl phenyl boronic acid, K2CO3, 1,4-dioxane, H2O, reflux, 24 h (c) HCl in Ether.

2-exo-[2′-Fluoro-3′-(4-aminocarbonylphenyl)-5′-pyridinyl]-7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane (18)

[0106]A solution of 2-exo-[2′-Fluoro-3′-bromo-5′-pyridinyl]-7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane (5) (178 mg, 0.66 mmol), 4-carbamoylphenyl boronic acid (130 mg, 0.79 mmol), Pd(PPh3)4 (38 mg, 5 mol %), and K2CO3 (182 mg, 1.31 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (5 mL) and H2O (0.8 mL) in a sealed tube was degassed through bubbling N2 for 20 min then heated at 100° C. for 20 h. After cooling to room temperature, the solvent was removed in vacuo and the residue was re-dissolved in EtOAc. Water (20 mL) was added and the organic product extracted with EtOAc (3×30 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered through Celite and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was purified on silica ge...

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Abstract

Compounds and compositions for promoting smoking cessation or decreasing tobacco use or nicotine addiction are provided. The compounds are 2′-fluoro-3′-(substituted phenyl) deschloroepibatidine analogs. The compounds have been found to modulate neuronal nicotine acetylcholine receptors and are useful in methods for the treatment of conditions or disorders influenced by the modulation of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.

Description

GOVERNMENT RIGHTS IN THE INVENTION[0001]This invention was made with government support under Grant No. 2R01DA012001 awarded by the National Institutes of Health. The government has certain rights in the invention.FIELD[0002]The present invention relates to methods, compounds and compositions for promoting smoking cessation or reducing tobacco use or combating nicotine addiction. The present invention further relates to methods, compounds and compositions for selectively modulating the function of a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor to provide pharmacotherapies capable of decreasing use of and combating addiction to tobacco products and of influencing other conditions or disorders affected by one or more of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART[0003]Smoking addiction is a complex phenomenon believed to involve cognition enhancement, psychological conditioning, stress adaptation, reinforcing properties and relief from withdrawal. Consequently, providing ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C07D487/08
CPCC07D487/08A61P25/00
Inventor CARROLL, FRANK IVYONDACHI, PAULINE WANJIKUNAVARRO, HERNAN A.DAMAJ, M. IMADWOODS, JAMES H.JUTKIEWICZ, EMILY M.
Owner RES TRIANGLE INST
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