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Stability of polyurethane polyol blends containing halogenated olefin blowing agents

a technology of halogenated olefin and polyurethane, which is applied in the direction of other chemical processes, chemistry apparatuses and processes, etc., can solve the problems of reduced shelf life of b-side composition, low energy efficiency, and reduced reactivity of pentane isomers, and achieves prolonged shelf life stability, less reactivity, and better catalytic performan

Inactive Publication Date: 2014-01-02
ARKEMA INC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present invention relates to a method for stabilizing thermosetting foam blends using oxygen-containing amine catalysts. These catalysts have been found to have better catalytic performance and lower reactivity with hydrohaloolefins compared to traditional catalysts, making them a better choice for stabilizing foam blends. The use of these catalysts results in a longer shelf life for the foam blends and improved foam characteristics. The invention also includes the use of metallic salts, such as alkali earth carboxylates, as a scavenger for hydrofluoric acid. The foams produced using this method have a uniform cell structure and little or no foam collapse.

Problems solved by technology

Currently used blowing agents for thermoset foams include HFC-134a, HFC-245fa, HFC-365mfc, which have relatively high global warming potential, and hydrocarbons such as pentane isomers, which are flammable and have low energy efficiency.
Two-component systems, however, have been found to have reduced shelf-life of the B-side composition, especially those systems which use certain hydrohaloolefins such as HFO-1234ze and HCFO-1233zd.
However, if the polyol pre-mix composition is aged prior to treatment with the polyisocyanate, the foams are of lower quality and may even collapse during the formation of the foam.
The poor foam structure is attributed to the reaction of certain catalysts with certain hydrohaloolefins, including HFO-1234ze and HCFO-1233zd, which results in the partial decomposition of the blowing agent and, subsequently, the undesirable modification of the polymeric silicone surfactants.
However, sterically hindered amines are known to be gelling catalysts.
These catalysts are expected to perform poorly in systems containing high concentrations of water because of their inability to activate water towards isocyanate.
Accordingly, these sterically hindered amines have good functionality as gelling catalysts, but perform poorly when employed as blow catalysts.
Additionally, since typically used amine catalysts are not chemically bonded to the polymer, the catalysts will eventually leave the polymer as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which may cause adverse health effects.
Accordingly, the increased use of sterically hindered amines is not environmentally desirable.

Method used

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  • Stability of polyurethane polyol blends containing halogenated olefin blowing agents
  • Stability of polyurethane polyol blends containing halogenated olefin blowing agents

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

[0061]A series of binary blends for a B-side composition of a two-component system were prepared and analyzed which combine a hydrohaloolefin with various amine catalysts. To ensure a true comparison, each of the blends included the same halogenated olefinic blowing agent, specifically the hydrochlorofluoroolefin (HCFO) HCFO-1233zd “E”. The following binary blend compositions were prepared and analyzed:[0062]Comparative Blend #1: 98 wt % pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) catalyst and 2 wt % HCFO-1233zd “E”, aged at room temperature for 15 days;[0063]Comparative Blend #2: 98 wt % pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) catalyst and 2 wt % HCFO-1233zd “E”, aged at 50° C. for 15 days;[0064]Exemplary Blend #3: 98 wt % N,N,N′-trimethyl-N′-hydroxyethyl-bisaminoethylether and 2 wt % HCFO-1233zd “E”, aged at 50° C. for 15 days;[0065]Exemplary Blend #4: 98 wt % bis-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)ether and 2 wt % HCFO-1233zd “E”, aged at 50° C. for 15 days;[0066]Exemplary Blend #5: 98 wt % 2-(2-di...

example 1a

[0070]Example 1a shows the effect of ageing on the blends containing a hydrochlorofluoroolefin (HCFO) HCFO-1233zd “E” halogenated olefinic blowing agent, dimethylcyclohexylamine, and pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA). Dimethylcyclohexylamine sold under the trade name POLYCAT® 8 and pentamethyldiethylenetriamine sold under the trade name POLYCAT® 5 were used for this experiment, both of which are available from Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.

[0071]The binary blend of HCFO-1233zd “E” and dimethylcyclohexylamine was prepared in a glass tube with a weight percent ratio of 90:10. The sample was then placed in an oven at 80° C. for 16 days. The sample was taken out of the oven. The weight of the glass tubes was compared to their initial weight to verify that the tube had no leaks. Visual inspection showed that all samples suffered from turbidity and solids could be seen at the bottom of the tubes. As is known in the art, a smoked paper filter was used to collect and quantify the amo...

example 1b

[0072]Example 1b shows the effect of ageing of the polyol premix containing dimethylcyclohexylamine prior to the addition of pentamethyldiethylenetriamine and a silicone surfactant. Dimethylcyclohexylamine sold under the trade name POLYCAT® 8 and pentamethyldiethylenetriamine sold under the trade name POLYCAT® 5 were used for this example, both of which are available from Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. A silicone surfactant sold under the trade name TEGOSTAB® B 8465 by Evonik Industries—Degussa was used for this example.

[0073]The polyol pre-mix was prepared according to the following procedure: 100 parts by weight of a polyol blend, 1.0 parts by weight of dimethylcyclohexylamine, 2.2 parts by weight of water and 11.8 parts by weight of E1233zd blowing agent were mixed together to produce a polyol pre-mix blend. The polyol pre-mix was aged at ambient temperature for 15 and 190 days. Post-ageing, 0.3 parts by weight of pentamethyldiethylenetriamine and 2.0 parts by weight of silicon...

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Abstract

A stable polyol pre-mix composition comprises a blowing agent, a polyol, a surfactant, and a catalyst composition comprising an oxygen-containing amine catalyst. The oxygen-containing amine catalyst may be, an alkanol amine, an ether amine, or a morpholine group. containing compound such as, 2.(2.dimethylaminoethoxy)ethanol or N.N.N′.trimethylaminoethylethanolamine. A stabilized thermosetting foam blend comprises: (a) a polyisocyanate and, optionally, isocyanate compatible raw materials; and (b) a polyol pre. mix composition. A method for stabilizing thermosetting foam blends comprises combining: (a) a polyisocyanate and, optionally, isocyanate compatible raw materials; and (b) a polyol pre. mix composition. A polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foam having uniform cell structure with little or no foam collapse comprises a mixture of: (a) a polyisocyanate and, optionally, one or more isocyanate compatible raw materials; and (b) a polyol pre-mix composition. The resultant polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foams have uniform cell structure with little or no foam collapse.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0001]The present invention relates to a method for stabilizing thermosetting foam blends that include halogenated olefinic blowing agent, such as hydrochlorofluoroolefin (HCFO) HCFO-1233zd. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for stabilizing thermosetting foam blends using a catalyst composition which includes an oxygen-containing amine catalyst. The present invention further relates to the stable pre-blend formulations and resulting polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foams.BACKGROUND OF THE RELATED ART[0002]The Montreal Protocol for the protection of the ozone layer mandated the phase-out of the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Materials more “friendly” to the ozone layer, such as hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), e.g., HFC-134a, replaced chlorofluorocarbons. The latter compounds have proven to be green house gases, causing global warming, and were regulated by the Kyoto Protocol on Climate Change. The emerging replacement materials, hydrofl...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C08G18/06C08G18/18
CPCC08G18/06C08G18/1833C08G18/1825C08G18/1808C08G18/1816C08G18/4018C08G18/482C08G18/5033C08G18/7664C08G2110/005
Inventor CHEN, BENJAMIN BINCOSTA, JOSEPH S.ABBAS, LAURENTLIU, HAIMINGSESHADRI, SRI R.
Owner ARKEMA INC
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