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Secure Multi-Party Computation of Normalized Sum-Type Functions

a multi-party computation and function technology, applied in computation using denominational number representation, instruments, coding, etc., can solve problems such as and achieve the effect of reducing computational complexity and transmission overhead

Active Publication Date: 2011-02-17
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC RES LAB INC
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Benefits of technology

[0008]Embodiments of an invention are based on the realization that every normalized sum-type function is expressible in terms of a joint empirical probability distribution (JEPD). Therefore, to compute the result of a function applied to, e.g., two vectors, using a secure multi-party computation (SMPC), it is sufficient to use SMPC to compute the JEPD of the two vectors, which, in a number of applications, significantly decreases computational complexity and transmission overhead. Knowing the JEPD, a value of the function can be determined as a normalized summation of products of values of the JEPD with corresponding values of the function.

Problems solved by technology

Therefore, to compute the result of a function applied to, e.g., two vectors, using a secure multi-party computation (SMPC), it is sufficient to use SMPC to compute the JEPD of the two vectors, which, in a number of applications, significantly decreases computational complexity and transmission overhead.

Method used

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  • Secure Multi-Party Computation of Normalized Sum-Type Functions

Examples

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example

[0070]FIG. 3 shows an example of determining the JEPD for one pair 305 of the elements of the fist and the second vector. The example is not limiting, and provided for clarification purpose only. For example, an element of the first vector xi is 1, and a corresponding element of the second vector yi is 2. The size of the alphabet for the first vector is 2, i.e., |A|=2, A={0, 1}. The size of the alphabet for the second vector is 3, i.e., |B|=3, B={0, 1, 2}. The first vector is obfuscated with the first pad vector W, and let say, the corresponding wi=5. The second vector is obfuscated with the second pad vector Z, and let say, the corresponding zi=2.

[0071]Thus, the obfuscated element of the first vector xi* is

xi*=1+5 mod 2=0.

[0072]Similarly, the obfuscated element of the second vector yi* is

yi*=2+2 mod 3=1.

[0073]Accordingly, the third vector receives 320 reversibly obfuscated the pair of elements (0, 1) 310 and determines 330 an indicator matrix 335. The element in the (x*i, y*i) posi...

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Abstract

Embodiments of present invention disclose a system and a method for determining a result of a function applied to a first vector and a second vector, wherein the function is a normalized sum-type function. The first vector is stored at a first processor, and the second vector is stored at a second processor. The system and the method determine a joint empirical probability distribution (JEPD) of the first vector and the second vector using a secure multi-party computation. The function is determined as a normalized summation of products of values of the JEPD with corresponding values of the function.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0001]This invention relates generally to secure multi-party computation, and more particularly to secure multi-party computation of normalized sum-type functions.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONSecure Multi-Party Computation[0002]In cryptography, secure multi-party computation (SMPC) is a problem that was initially suggested by Andrew C. Yao in 1982 as the “millionaire problem.” Alice and Bob are two millionaires who want to find out who is richer without revealing the precise amount of their wealth. Yao proposed a solution allowing Alice and Bob to satisfy their curiosity while respecting the constraints.[0003]In general, SMPC refers to computational systems in which multiple parties jointly compute some value based on individually held secret information, without revealing the information any of the other parties.[0004]For example, a first party (Alice) and a second party (Bob), have secret data. The first party has, e.g., a vector X, and the second party has a v...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): G06F7/38
CPCG06F7/5057G06F7/5443H04L2209/46H04L9/3218H04B10/6165H04L2209/50H03M13/1111H03M13/658
Inventor RANE, SHANTANUWANG, YESUN, WEIISHWAR, PRAKASH
Owner MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC RES LAB INC
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