Sealed surgical access device

Abstract

A surgical access device is adapted to facilitate access through an incision in a body wall having an inner surface and an outer surface, and into a body cavity of a patient. The device includes first and second retention members adapted to be disposed in proximity to the outer surface and the inner surface of the body wall, respectively. A membrane extending between the two retention members forms a throat which is adapted to extend through the incision and form a first funnel extending from the first retention member into the throat, and a second funnel extending from the second retention member into the throat. The throat of the membrane has characteristics for forming an instrument seal in the presence of an instrument and a zero seal in the absence of an instrument. The first retention member may include a ring with either a fixed or variable diameter. The ring can be formed in first and second sections, each having two ends. Couplings can be disposed between the ends to accommodate variations in the size of the first retention member. The first retention member can also be formed as an inflatable toroid, a self-expanding foam, or a circumferential spring. A plurality of inflatable chambers can also provide the surgical access device with a working channel adapted for disposition across the body wall. A first retention member with a plurality of retention stations functions with a plurality of tethers connected to the membrane to change the shape of the membrane and the working channel. A stabilizing platform can be used to support the access device generally independent of any movement of the body wall.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS [0001] This is a non-provisional application claiming the priority of provisional application Ser. No. 60 / 241,953 filed on Oct. 19, 2000, entitled “Hand-Assisted Laparoscopy Apparatus and Method”, as well as the PCT application serial no. PCT / US01 / 29682, filed on Sep. 21, 2001, and entitled “Surgical Access Apparatus and Method,” both of which are fully incorporated herein by reference.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] 1. Field of Invention [0003] This invention relates generally to surgical access devices, and more specifically to access devices adapted for use in minimal invasive surgery to provide sealed instrument access across a body wall and into a body cavity. [0004] 2. Discussion of Related Art [0005] Surgical access to a body cavity, such as the abdominal cavity, is referred to as “open laparotomy” or “closed laparoscopy.” An open procedure involves an incision of sufficient size to allow a surgeon to place hands and instruments with...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0013] The present invention satisfies the requirements of a surgical access device for use with surgical instruments including the surgeon's hand. With this access device, “hand-assisted” laparoscopy is greatly facilitated within a closed surgical environment.

[0015] The present invention also provides a sealing portion that allows the largest range of hand motion without leakage of insufflation gas. The seal is formed of a material that responds well to the presence of glove material such as Natural Latex, Poly-isoprene, Nitrile, Vinyl or Polyurethane.

Problems solved by technology

Despite the many advantages of laparoscopic surgery, there remain a few complex procedures that make laparoscopy difficult or risky.

However, the two modalities tend to obviate each other.

The challenge now facing the surgeon in this procedure is providing an adequate sealing means within the enlarged incision.

The devices are generally complex and require several steps to place.

This requires not only application of the adhesive but also a drying time.

This arrangement diminishes the range of motion and the tactile sensation of the hand.

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