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Sea urchin-shaped silicon-carbon composite material as well as preparation method and application thereof

A silicon-carbon composite material, sea urchin-like technology, applied in nanotechnology for materials and surface science, active material electrodes, nanotechnology, etc., can solve problems such as limiting the transmission of electrons and limiting the rapid charge and discharge performance of batteries

Pending Publication Date: 2022-02-25
QINGDAO UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] However, the current silicon-carbon composites are simple composites of silicon and carbon through mechanical methods, and the formed silicon-carbon composites can only alleviate the interface stability problem to a certain extent; at the same time, the formed silicon-carbon composites are point-to-point Contact, to a certain extent, limits the transmission of electrons and limits the rapid charge and discharge performance of the battery

Method used

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  • Sea urchin-shaped silicon-carbon composite material as well as preparation method and application thereof

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preparation example Construction

[0026] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the sea urchin-shaped silicon-carbon composite material described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0027] Mix silicon nanomaterials, hybrid carbon cage materials and solvents to obtain dispersions;

[0028] Spray drying the dispersion to obtain a silicon carbon precursor;

[0029] The silicon-carbon precursor is annealed to obtain the three-dimensional sea urchin-shaped silicon-carbon composite material.

[0030] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the present invention are preferably commercially available products.

[0031] The invention mixes the silicon nanometer material, the hybrid carbon cage material and the solvent to obtain the dispersion liquid.

[0032] In the present invention, the silicon nanomaterial preferably includes nano silicon. In the present invention, the particle size of the silicon nanomaterial is preferably...

Embodiment 1

[0044]Mixing nano-silicon, graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes prepared by the sand milling method in water at a mass ratio of 30:30:40 to obtain a dispersion;

[0045] Spray drying the dispersion at 200°C to obtain a silicon carbon precursor;

[0046] Under a hydrogen atmosphere, the silicon-carbon precursor was annealed at 800° C. for 60 minutes (the heating rate was 10° C. / min) to obtain a sea urchin-like silicon-carbon composite material; wherein the mass content of nano-silicon was 50%.

[0047] The prepared sea urchin-like silicon-carbon composite material was directly used as a high-performance negative electrode active material, and a slurry was prepared with conductive carbon black and PVDF at a mass ratio of 8:1:1, coated on a copper foil, and dried at 70°C for 2 hours. Use a slicer to cut pole pieces with a diameter of 12mm; use metal lithium foil as the counter electrode; the electrolyte is 1M LiPF 6 / EC: DEC (1:1; v / v), that is, a mixed solvent of ethylene carbon...

Embodiment 2

[0049] Mixing nano-silicon, graphene oxide and ferrocene prepared by the sand milling method in water at a mass ratio of 30:65:5 to obtain a dispersion;

[0050] Spray drying the dispersion at 220°C to obtain a silicon carbon precursor;

[0051] Under a hydrogen atmosphere, the silicon-carbon precursor was annealed at 1000° C. for 60 minutes (the heating rate was 10° C. / min) to obtain a sea urchin-shaped silicon-carbon composite material, wherein the mass content of nano-silicon was 45%.

[0052] Subsequent tests were as in Example 1.

[0053] Under the current density of 10A / g, the specific capacity of the sea urchin-like silicon-carbon composite material is 750mAh / g; after 300 cycles, the capacity retention rate can reach 94%.

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage electrodes, and provides a sea urchin-shaped silicon-carbon composite material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. In the sea-urchin-shaped silicon-carbon composite material provided by the invention, one end of a conductive nano material is combined on a organic carbon cage, and the other end of the conductive nano material freely exists on the outer side of the organic carbon cage, so that the sea-urchin-shaped silicon-carbon composite material is formed. Due to the existence of the conductive nano material in the hybrid carbon cage, electron transmission is promoted; when the sea-urchin-shaped silicon-carbon composite material is applied to a lithium ion battery, the rapid charging and discharging performance of the lithium ion battery is improved. Data of the embodiment shows that the specific capacity of the sea urchin-shaped silicon-carbon composite material obtained in the embodiment 3 is 915mAh / g under the current density of 8A / g; and after 500 cycles, the capacity retention rate can reach 90%.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage electrodes, in particular to a sea urchin-shaped silicon-carbon composite material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] Silicon is an alternative negative electrode active material for secondary batteries - especially Li-ion batteries, with higher capacity relative to graphite. However, the silicon material has a volume expansion effect, that is, it is accompanied by a huge volume change (about 300%) during the charging and discharging process. The mechanical stress generated by the volume expansion effect of the silicon material will lead to the pulverization and structural collapse of the active material containing the silicon material, which in turn will lead to the detachment between the active materials containing the silicon material and between the active material containing the silicon material and the current collector, As a result, the c...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/62H01M4/38H01M10/0525B82Y30/00B82Y40/00
CPCH01M4/386H01M4/625H01M10/0525B82Y30/00B82Y40/00H01M2004/027H01M2004/021Y02E60/10
Inventor 王磊马艺茹张兴豪徐广蕊林海峰李彬
Owner QINGDAO UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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