Helium ultralow-temperature purification and liquefaction system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical gas separation and liquefaction, and provides a helium ultralow-temperature purification and liquefaction system. The system comprises a purification unit, a liquefaction unit, a pre-cooling unit and a cold transfer unit, wherein the liquefaction unit communicates with the purification unit through a gas supplementing channel, and the cold transfer unit is connected between the purification unit and the liquefaction unit; the purification unit comprises a raw material helium inlet pipe, a first purification heat exchanger first flow channel, a low-temperature adsorber, a second purification heat exchanger first flow channel, an ultralow-temperature adsorber, a second purification heat exchanger second flow channel, a first purification heat exchanger second flow channel and a high-purity helium outlet pipe which are sequentially connected through pipelines; and a working temperature interval of the low-temperature adsorber is a liquid nitrogen temperature zone, and a working temperature interval of the ultralow-temperature adsorber is 25-40K. According to the invention, through two-stage adsorption of the low-temperature adsorber and the ultralow-temperature adsorber of the purification unit, different impurities in raw material helium are respectively purified in different temperature zones, so that the helium switching loss in a purification process is reduced, and the helium extraction rate is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of chemical gas separation and liquefaction, in particular to a helium ultra-low temperature purification and liquefaction system. Background technique [0002] Helium is a rare gas with very little content in the earth and is non-renewable. Due to its stable chemical properties and extremely low boiling point, it is widely used in aerospace, high-temperature gas-cooled reactors in the nuclear industry, low-temperature superconductivity research, Optoelectronic product production, refrigeration, semiconductor, medical treatment, leak detection, deep-sea diving, high-precision welding and other fields are important strategic materials for national security and high-tech industry development. [0003] At present, sources of helium extraction include natural gas, air, synthetic ammonia tail gas, etc., but the helium content in the air is only 5.24ppm, and the amount of helium extracted from large-scale air sepa...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a helium ultra-low temperature purification and liquefaction system to solve the problem that the low-temperature adsorber in the prior art has a small adsorption capacity for neon in the liquid nitrogen temperature zone, which leads to a large size and makes the low-temperature adsorption switch process The problem of high helium loss

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