A staged fire fighting and rescue system and method for a high-altitude tunnel

Abstract

The invention discloses a staged fire extinguishing and rescue system and method for a high-altitude tunnel. The system includes a fine water mist fire extinguishing subsystem, an anti-sedimentation and smoke control subsystem, an anti-heat barrier effect and smoke suction and penetration subsystem, and a segmented oxygen supply subsystem. . The fine water mist fire extinguishing subsystem controls the fine water mist nozzle through the sensor controller, and sprays water mist according to the temperature; the anti-sedimentation smoke control subsystem adjusts the position of the main body of the jet fan through the lifting and sliding device to prevent the smoke from settling and spreading; the heat barrier effect and The smoke inhalation sub-system prevents inhalation by charging heated nitrogen gas at the smoke outlet where the smoke inhalation may occur, opens the vertical retaining wall, and adjusts the shutters to prevent the inhalation; Guarantee the oxygen supply and basic medical treatment for those who escaped to the cross passage. The invention can realize timely control of fire and smoke in case of fire in a high-altitude highway tunnel, and guarantee the basic survival and medical conditions of rescue personnel in the high-altitude tunnel.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of tunnel road rescue, in particular to a staged fire fighting and rescue system and method for high-altitude tunnels. Background technique [0002] Due to the altitude, the temperature in the long tunnel at high altitude is low, the oxygen content in the air is thin, and the environment is worse than that of ordinary tunnels, which will make it more difficult for pedestrians to escape in the event of an emergency; most domestic high-altitude long tunnel rescue programs use An emergency rescue station is set in the middle of the tunnel for the inclined shaft. People can quickly evacuate to a safe area through the emergency rescue station and can rescue themselves or reach the outside of the cave through rescue. The scheme of dense evacuation cross passage is adopted, and the middle section of the cross passage is used as the waiting area. When a fire occurs in one tunnel, the emergency rescue station can stop the trai...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] In high-altitude long tunnels, the smoke mainly gathers at the top of the tunnel during a fire; therefore, the method of centralized smoke exhaust at the top is generally used to control the sinking of the smoke and the diffusion along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel to achieve rapid smoke exhaust and reduce smoke However, due to the low temperature of high-altitude tunnels, the temperature difference in the event of a fire is higher than that of ordinary tunnels. Due to the chimney effect formed in the smoke exhaust shaft, the internal and external pressure differences will be larger, so that the phenomenon of suction will be more frequent, and fires will occur. When the smoke-through phenomenon occurs, the cold air in the lower part of the tunnel is directly sucked into the shaft, resulting in a significant decline in the smoke exhaust effect of the shaft. At present, the research on the smoke-through phenomenon in tunnel fires is mainly to adjust the smoke exhaust efficiency and the distance between the smoke outlets to reduce the However, there is no in-depth research on the special smoke exhaust environment of high-altitude long tunnels, and there is no complete system to prevent suction through

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