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Including transactional commit timestamps in the primary keys of relational databases

A timestamp, database technology applied in the primary key of a relational database that includes the transaction commit timestamp field

Pending Publication Date: 2020-10-30
GOOGLE LLC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Concurrency control ensures that the database behaves consistently despite allowing simultaneous access

Method used

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  • Including transactional commit timestamps in the primary keys of relational databases
  • Including transactional commit timestamps in the primary keys of relational databases
  • Including transactional commit timestamps in the primary keys of relational databases

Examples

Experimental program
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Embodiment Construction

[0023] The technique generally involves a method of determining a commit timestamp and providing the commit timestamp to users of the distributed database. For example, a user can use commit timestamps to view snapshots of the database at various points in time, or build a transaction log for changes made to the database. In order to provide users with meaningful commit timestamps, each transaction for the same data item must correspond to a unique commit timestamp. This way, users can use these commit timestamps to read different versions of the data at different specific timestamps, or to see all changes made to a data item. Additionally, efficient methods for determining meaningful commit timestamps are provided to ensure that the throughput of the database is not compromised.

[0024] In a distributed database, transactions will be committed at a first coordinator server and one or more participant servers. The first coordinator server is configured to receive notificati...

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Abstract

In a distributed database, a transaction is to be committed at a first coordinator server and one or more participant servers 1210. The first coordinator server is configured to receive a notificationthat each participant server of the transaction is prepared at a respective prepared timestamp, the respective prepared timestamp being chosen within a time range for which the respective participantserver obtained at least one lock 1220. The first coordinator server computes the commit timestamp for the transaction equal or greater than each of the prepared timestamps 1230, and restrict the commit timestamp such that a second coordinator server sharing at least one of the participant servers for one or more other transactions at a shared shard cannot select the same commit timestamp for anyof the other transactions 1240. The transaction is committed at the commit timestamp 1250.

Description

Background technique [0001] In database systems, concurrency control refers to the techniques used to resolve conflicts ("concurrency") that arise from allowing simultaneous access to data items in a database. Concurrency control ensures that the database behaves consistently despite allowing simultaneous access. Multi-version concurrency control techniques store multiple versions of a given piece of data, one at a time, for greater concurrency. Systems that provide a global notion of absolute time can be integrated with multi-version concurrency control in distributed databases. The resulting distributed database is semantically equivalent to a stand-alone database in that consistent reads can be made across the entire database. Contents of the invention [0002] The present disclosure provides a method comprising: receiving a request to commit a transaction at a first coordinator server and one or more participant servers in a distributed system, receiving a notification...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): G06F16/23
CPCG06F16/2322G06F16/2365G06F16/221G06F16/284G06F16/2358
Inventor 塞巴斯蒂安·坎塔克布莱恩·弗兰克·库珀
Owner GOOGLE LLC
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