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Method and system for separating and concentrating radionuclides in radioactive waste liquid by utilizing reverse osmosis membrane

A technology for radionuclides and radioactive waste liquids, applied in semi-permeable membrane separation, radioactive purification, reverse osmosis, etc. The effect of reducing the amount of waste, reducing the amount of secondary waste, and improving the separation efficiency

Active Publication Date: 2020-07-21
TSINGHUA UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The properties of each nuclide (such as enrichment and enrichment properties, existing forms, concentration, valence, corrosiveness, etc.) are complex and can change under different operating conditions (such as pH value, ionic strength, temperature, etc.). Enrichment creates a certain degree of difficulty
[0009] 2) The mass concentration of radionuclides is extremely low, generally 10 -3 Below micrograms / liter; while the concentration of coexisting non-radioactive ions such as K, Na, Ca, and Mg is relatively high, generally in the order of mg / liter, or even as high as gram / liter. The existence of these non-radioactive ions affects reverse osmosis The pressure on both sides of the membrane seriously affects the concentration and solidification of nuclides in radioactive waste liquid
[0012] 5) In the case of simplifying the process as much as possible, it is difficult to coordinate and cooperate with each other, and it is difficult to efficiently concentrate the nuclides in the radioactive waste liquid
[0013] In the prior art, there is no separation and concentration method and system with high nuclide retention rate and simple operation for nuclides in radioactive waste liquid, especially nuclides with small radii

Method used

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  • Method and system for separating and concentrating radionuclides in radioactive waste liquid by utilizing reverse osmosis membrane

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0081] Soak the polyamide membrane in 25% isopropanol solution for 20 minutes, then wash it with deionized water 6 times, 30 minutes each time, store it in deionized water at 4°C; first cover it with carbodiimide solution for 10 minutes , then add N-hydroxysuccinimide solution, pour out the waste liquid after covering for 50 minutes, wash the reverse osmosis membrane with deionized water twice; then use 5% polyethyleneimine with a molecular weight of 600 The solution was covered for 12 hours, and light-shielding treatment was carried out during the process, and then the waste liquid was poured out, and the membrane was washed twice with deionized water to obtain a modified polyamide membrane material.

[0082] The modified membrane material was dried, and the Zeta potential on the surface of the membrane changed from negative to positive through analysis and testing. Then put the modified membrane material into the membrane test device for testing, the concentration of nuclide...

Embodiment 2

[0085] Soak the polyamide membrane in 25% isopropanol solution for 20 minutes, then wash it with deionized water 6 times, 30 minutes each time, store it in deionized water at 4°C; first cover it with carbodiimide solution for 10 minutes , then add N-hydroxysuccinimide solution, pour out the waste liquid after covering for 50 minutes, wash the reverse osmosis membrane with deionized water twice; then use 5% polyethyleneimine with a molecular weight of 1800 The solution was covered for 12 hours, and light-shielding treatment was carried out during the process, and then the waste liquid was poured out, and the membrane was washed twice with deionized water to obtain a modified polyamide membrane material.

[0086] The modified membrane material was dried, and the Zeta potential on the surface of the membrane changed from negative to positive through analysis and testing. Then put the modified membrane material into the membrane test device for testing, the concentration of nuclid...

Embodiment 3

[0089] Soak the polyamide membrane in 25% isopropanol solution for 20 minutes, then wash it with deionized water 6 times, 30 minutes each time, store it in deionized water at 4°C; first cover it with carbodiimide solution for 10 minutes , then add N-hydroxysuccinimide solution, pour out the waste liquid after covering for 50 minutes, wash the reverse osmosis membrane with deionized water twice; then use 5% polyethyleneimine with a molecular weight of 10000 The solution was covered for 12 hours, and light-shielding treatment was carried out during the process, and then the waste liquid was poured out, and the membrane was washed twice with deionized water to obtain a modified polyamide membrane material.

[0090] The modified membrane material was dried, and the Zeta potential on the surface of the membrane changed from negative to positive through analysis and testing. Then put the modified membrane material into the membrane test device for testing, the concentration of nucli...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a system for separating and concentrating radionuclides in radioactive waste liquid by utilizing a reverse osmosis membrane. In the method and system of the present invention, a specific membrane material having a high decontamination factor for radionuclides in the context of higher non-radioactive ion concentrations is employed. The method comprises the following steps: 1) providing the specific membrane material with a high decontamination factor for radionuclides under the background of higher non-radioactive ion concentration; and 2) enabling radioactive waste liquid to flow through the surface of the membrane material so as to separate and concentrate radionuclides. The method and the system can effectively separate and concentrate radionuclidesin the radioactive waste liquid and solidify the radionuclides, particularly have an excellent removal effect on radioactive isotopes Cs and Co, greatly reduce the amount of secondary wastes, simplifythe process and improve the safety.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method and a system for separating and concentrating radionuclide in radioactive waste liquid by means of a reverse osmosis membrane. Background technique [0002] As an important clean energy, nuclear power is gradually becoming an important part of the world's energy structure. However, in the daily operation and accident conditions of nuclear power plants, a large amount of radioactive waste liquid is usually produced. [0003] In order to meet the emission requirements of the national standard "Environmental Radiation Protection of Nuclear Power Plants" (GB6249-2011), the decontamination factor of radioactive substances in the radioactive waste liquid treatment system of nuclear power plants usually needs to reach at least 10 3 -10 4 order of magnitude. [0004] Traditional low-level waste liquid treatment methods include ion exchange, inorganic adsorption, chemical precipitation, evaporation and concentration, and mem...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): B01D67/00B01D61/02G21F9/06
CPCB01D67/0093B01D67/0088B01D61/025G21F9/06
Inventor 陈博贤陈定赵璇
Owner TSINGHUA UNIV
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