Ecological cultivation method for grapes

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological cultivation method for grapes. The ecological cultivation method comprises the following steps of: (1) soil preparation; (2) germination stage management; (3) leaf expansion period management: starting leaf expansion from the last ten-day period of March to the first ten-day period of April, binding main stems, binding 3-4 branches for each plant, picking buds, spraying amino acid foliar fertilizer every 10 days, and performing spraying for 2-3 times, from the middle ten days of April, thinning shoots, removing small shoots, reserving large shoots, reserving 5-6 fruit branches for each plant, performing pinching, reserving 5-7 leaves on the inflorescence, and thinning flowers; (4) flowering period management: pruning, controlling the branches and the leaves, performing spraying 0.2-0.3% of a boric acid solution, thinning the branches after fertilizer spraying, and removing side shoots; (5) expansion period management: topdressing an organic fertilizer, spraying 20-25ppm gibberellin every 5 days, performing spraying for 2-3 times, performing fruit thinning management, and reserving only one cluster on moderate branches; and (6) fruit ripening: starting to harvest fruits in the first ten-days period of July. The use amount of pesticides and chemical fertilizers is greatly reduced, and green cultivation of grapes is achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to grape cultivation techniques, in particular to an ecological cultivation method for grapes. Background technique [0002] The excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in our country is serious. Due to the excessive use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers, we are facing a series of the most serious environmental pollution problems, including soil and water acidification, surface and groundwater resource pollution, and increasing greenhouse gas emissions. Typically, less than 1% of applied pesticides actually find their way into the target pests, leaving the rest to pollute air, soil and water. At present in China, the nitrogen absorption efficiency of rice, wheat, and corn is only about 26% to 28%, while the absorption rate of vegetable crops is less than 20%, and the rest is completely lost to the environment. The main reasons for the excessive application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides are: first, the l...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, in traditional viticulture, there are many misunderstandings in fertilization: for example, when the vine grows too slowly, applying a large amount of fertilizer will lead to poor air permeability of the soil, and in severe cases, it will cause burns to the roots of the plant. Apply it before the new roots grow. Too much fertilizer, on the one hand, will cause difficulty in absorbing water for plants, and even cause the aboveground part to dry up and die; if the fertilizer used is unreasonable, it will cause excessive phosphorus in the soil, affecting the absorption of zinc, iron, boron, and manganese. Phosphorus will solidify ionic calcium and magnesium at the same time, reducing the absorption, and the absorption of calcium and magnesium by grapes is much greater than that of phosphorus

The traditional fertilization method ignores the supplement of soil organic matter and the improvement of soil fertility, resulting in unstable grape fruit yield and poor quality, which is not conducive to increasing production and income of fruit farmers

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