Preparation method of poplar catkin/biomass fiber composite thermal insulation material

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a poplar catkin / biomass fiber composite thermal insulation material. The preparation method comprises the steps of degreasing the poplar catkin so as toobtain degreased poplar catkin, simultaneously preprocessing biomass fibers so as to obtain fuzz fiber sol, controlling the raw material mass ratios of poplar catkin to fuzz fibers at 10:1-4, addingthe degreased poplar catkin into the diluted fuzz fiber sol, uniformly stirring to obtain degreased poplar catkin / fuzz fiber mixed liquid, discharging the residual diluent, and sequentially carrying out pre-freezing and vacuum freezing drying. According to the provided preparation method, different composite thermal insulation materials with different pore structures and different thickness are prepared by changing the contents and pre-freezing temperatures of the poplar catkin and the biomass fibers; the adopted poplar catkin is wide in source and low in cost, and the fuzz fibers obtained through the preprocessing of the biomass fibers can be of a three-dimensional net structure, so that the thermal insulation property of the composite thermal insulation material is improved; and the method is simple in process, low in preparation energy consumption, low in cost and wide in practical application prospects.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of building thermal insulation materials, and in particular relates to a preparation method of a poplar catkin / biomass fiber composite thermal insulation material. Background technique [0002] Insulation materials are an important means to reduce building energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. With the increasingly serious problem of global warming, the application of insulation materials is becoming more and more important. Traditional insulation materials include polystyrene, polyurethane, cork, mineral wool, melamine, etc.; super insulation materials include vacuum panels, airgel, vacuum glass, etc. [0003] Traditional thermal insulation materials are widely used due to their low cost and simple preparation process, but the thickness of traditional thermal insulation materials is relatively thick, which increases the complexity of the building structure, and is not environmentally friendly, an...

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Problems solved by technology

[0006] Liu Juan and others attached poplar fiber to the surface of polypropylene filament, and prepared poplar / polypropylene nonwoven insulation material by spunbonding method (Liu Juan, Xu Zhenglin, Zeng Beini, etc., Morphology Analysis of Poplar Fiber and the preparation and characterization of thermal insulation materials, Wuhan Textile University Journal, 2016, 29, 3: 3-7), the thermal insulation performance of the prepared composite fabric has been significantly improved, and the problem that poplar fiber is short and cannot be formed can be used as The wadding material is used in the thermal insulation field, but due to manual laying, the poplar wadding fiber uniformity is poor in this method, and the mechanical properties of the composite material vary greatly.

[0007] The Chinese invention patent with the publication number CN107488910 A discloses a composite insulation material prepared from poplar fiber, polypropylene fiber and cotton fiber at a ratio of 9:6:4. The blended fiber greatly strengthens the gap between the poplar fiber The cohesion force of the material improves the thermal insulation performance and air permeability of the material, but this method leads to a decrease in the flexibility of the poplar fiber and a significant increase in the weight and density of the composite material

[0008] Yin Jianhua et al. used wet-laid web-forming technology (Yin Jianhua, Zhang Yubin, Ma Jun, Research on Forming Method for Poplar Velvet Fiber Bloom, Cotton Textile Technology, 2014, 42, 2: 75-78), so that the poplar fiber was evenly distributed. Attached to the net curtain, and adding low-temperature hot-melt fiber to reinforce the composite material, the prepared material has the advantages of fluffy, moisture-proof, heat insulation, good resilience, etc., and can be used as outdoor floor mats, greenhouses and other fields to keep warm. However, Although the hot-melt fiber can strengthen the poplar fiber, it will reduce the thermal insulation performance of the composite material

[0009] Poplar catkins not only cause great harm to urban cleanliness and human respiratory tract, but also have extremely low utilization rate. Biomass fiber materials have limited their development due to their high preparation costs. Preparation of poplar floc / biomass fiber composite thermal insulation material by floc cross-linking can effectively improve the application value of poplar floc and reduce the cost of thermal insulation material preparation, which is a key technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in this field