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Harmless separating method of waste cathode carbon block in aluminum electrolysis

A technology of aluminum electrolysis waste cathode and separation method, which is applied in the direction of aluminum fluoride and aluminum halide, etc., can solve separation problems and achieve the effects of cost reduction, single process and low price

Active Publication Date: 2018-11-02
NORTHEASTERN UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] In order to solve the technical problem that the existing technology must rely on the consumption of a large amount of acid and alkali to completely separate the carbon slag and the aluminum electrolyte in the waste cathode carbon block of aluminum electrolysis, the present invention provides a kind of high-risk solid that can be produced in the aluminum electrolysis industry. Waste carbon block is harmless, can completely separate carbon slag and aluminum electrolyte, and is a low-cost aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon block and aluminum electrolyte separation method

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0029] Take 500g of waste cathode carbon block from a certain factory (the content of aluminum electrolyte is 25%), take 1500ml of 1mol / L concentration sulfuric acid solution, put it into a beaker and heat it with electromagnetic stirring, and use an acidity meter and a fluoride ion selective electrode to monitor the acidity change during the neutralization process. and fluoride ion concentration changes. When the leaching temperature is 80°C, the stirring speed is 300r / min, the pH value is 2, and the fluoride ion concentration in the solution is greater than 1g / L, the calculated fluoride ion leaching rate is 95%, and the leaching is terminated. The leachate is filtered, and the obtained filter residue is washed and dried to obtain a carbon powder product.

[0030] Put the filtrate into the reactor, add 1mol / L concentration aluminum sulfate solution to carry out fluorine precipitation, the temperature is 20 ℃-90 ℃, preferably 70 ℃, control the fluoride ion concentration in the...

Embodiment 2

[0032] Take 15,000g of waste cathode carbon block (aluminum electrolyte content of 20%) from a factory, take 100L of 1mol / L concentration sulfuric acid solution, put it into the reactor to heat and stir, and use an acidity meter and a fluoride ion selective electrode to monitor the acidity change and the neutralization process. Changes in the concentration of fluoride ions in the solution. When the leaching temperature is 50 °C, the stirring speed is 300 r / min, the pH value is 3, and the fluoride ion concentration in the solution is greater than 0.5 g / L, the calculated fluoride ion leaching rate is 98%, and the leaching is completed. The leachate is filtered, and the obtained filter residue is washed and dried to obtain a carbon powder product.

[0033] Put the filtrate into the reactor, add 1mol / L concentration aluminum sulfate solution to carry out fluorine precipitation, the temperature is 70 ℃, control the fluoride ion concentration in the solution, when the fluoride ion c...

Embodiment 3

[0035] Take 50kg of waste cathode carbon block (aluminum electrolyte content of 25%) from a certain factory, take 500L of 1mol / L concentration sulfuric acid solution, put it into the reactor and heat it with electromagnetic stirring, and use an acidity meter and a fluoride ion selective electrode to monitor the acidity of the neutralization process. changes and the concentration of fluoride ions in the solution. When the leaching temperature was 30°C, the stirring speed was 300 r / min, and the fluoride ion concentration in the solution was greater than 0.3 g / L, the calculated fluoride ion leaching rate was 97%, and the leaching was terminated. The leachate is filtered, and the obtained filter residue is washed and dried to obtain a carbon powder product.

[0036] Put the filtrate into the reactor, add 1mol / L concentration aluminum sulfate solution to carry out fluorine precipitation, the temperature is 50 ℃, control the fluoride ion concentration in the solution, when the fluor...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a harmless separating method of a waste cathode carbon block in aluminum electrolysis, and belongs to the technical field of inorganic chemicals. The method comprises the mainsteps of S1, crushing and screening the waste cathode carbon block in aluminum electrolysis to obtain carbon block particles; S2, preparing 1mol / L by concentration of acid liquid for later use; S3, leaching the carbon block particles obtained in step S1 in the acid liquid prepared in step S2 under heating and stirring conditions to obtain a leaching solution; S4, filtering the leaching solution obtained in step S3; separating filtrate and filter residues; and washing and drying the filter residues to obtain a carbon powder product; S5, adding the filtrate obtained in step S4 to a salt solution, and performing fluorine deposition to obtain a fluorine deposition solution; and S6, filtering the fluorine deposition solution obtained in step S5; separating the filtrate and a filter cake; and washing and drying the filter cake to obtain an alkaline metal fluoride product. With the adoption of the method, high-purity aluminum electrolyte applicable to industrial aluminum electrolysis production can be obtained; and villiaumite is recovered, so that the whole process is free from wastes.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a harmless separation method for aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks, in particular to a method for leaching and filtering fluorine salts in waste cathode carbon blocks by using an acidic aluminum-containing solution, belonging to the technical field of inorganic chemistry. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of my country's electrolytic aluminum industry, the current annual production capacity is close to 40 million tons, accounting for more than half of the world's primary aluminum production capacity. In the production process of aluminum electrolysis, the carbon cathode is the most important structural part of the aluminum electrolysis cell. Above the carbon cathode for aluminum electrolysis is aluminum liquid and electrolyte, and the electrolytic reaction of precipitation aluminum is carried out on the interface between it and the aluminum tuck. The direct current is led out of the tank t...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C25C3/18C01F7/54
CPCC01F7/54C25C3/18
Inventor 王兆文陶文举杨酉坚石忠宁刘风国于江玉
Owner NORTHEASTERN UNIV
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