PDC (polycrystalline diamond compact) drilling bit with transposition cutter wings and long service life

Abstract

The invention discloses a PDC (polycrystalline diamond compact) drilling bit with transposition cutter wings and a long service life, and relates to a drilling bit for well drilling or underground boring. The drilling bit comprises drilling bit bodies, the transposition cutter wings and transposition cutter wing supporting bodies, the transposition cutter wing supporting bodies extend from the drilling bit bodies or are fixed onto the drilling bit bodies, cutting elements are arranged on the transposition cutter wings to form transposition cutting structures, and the transposition cutter wingscan rotate to a certain preset working position and are locked from an initial working position through at least one rotation relative to the transposition cutter wing supporting bodies through remote control or can rotate to other preset working position and are locked from some preset working position through at least one rotation. According to the drilling bit, a new cutting gear can replace an abraded cutting gear to continue to drill through remote control on the ground after an initial cutting gear is abraded, so that a cutting structure of the drilling bit can be singly updated underground even can be repeatedly updated underground, and 'the drilling bit is renewed without lifting the drilling bit'.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a drill bit for well drilling or underground drilling, which is used in the technical fields of drilling equipment such as oil and gas, geothermal, mining engineering, building foundation engineering construction, geology, and hydrology. Background technique [0002] Drill bits are rock-breaking tools used to break rocks and form wellbores in drilling engineering. PDC bits and roller cone bits are commonly used. PDC drill bits rely on high hardness, wear-resistant, and self-sharpening polycrystalline diamond composite sheets to shear and break rocks. Due to their high mechanical penetration rate, long life and low drilling cost in soft to medium hard formations, they are widely used in drilling engineering. be widely used. Existing PDC drill bits are all fixed cutting tooth drill bits. The polycrystalline diamond composite sheet (that is, PDC teeth, also referred to as teeth) as the cutting element is arranged according to cer...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] In the prior art including the above-mentioned patented technology, the disc cutter is passively rotated with the rotation of the drill bit during work, and the cutting teeth on the disc cutter can alternately participate in cutting, thus two problems will occur: first, the disc cutter The rotation of the shaft needs to be equipped with a bearing structure, and the bearing must be lubricated during the working process, and the sealing and oil storage and supply system are required accordingly. However, the underground working environment is very harsh, and the bearing system is very easy to fail. Therefore, the requirements for the lubrication and sealing of the bearing are very high. Second, due to the rotation of the disc cutter, the PDC teeth on the disc cutter that are about to participate in cutting will impact the rock from the side, and the impact is extremely detrimental to the working life of the PDC composite sheet

Obviously, when the exposed height of the first row of cutting teeth is zero, the blade body will always participate in cutting with the PDC teeth regardless of whether the new teeth are exposed, which will greatly reduce the specific pressure of the cutting teeth in the local area of ​​the drill bit. Weaken the ability of the drill bit to eat into the rock, and the drilling efficiency is seriously affected

Images