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Metal sodium safety treatment method capable of avoiding hydrogen generation

A technology for safe processing and metal sodium, applied in the field of safe processing, can solve the problems of big hidden danger, complicated operation, environmental pollution, etc., and achieve the effects of simple operation, simple equipment, and high safety and controllability.

Inactive Publication Date: 2017-09-01
CHENGDU ORGANOCHEM CO LTD
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in the prior art, explosion and a large amount of hydrogen cannot be avoided in the process of metal sodium treatment, the operation is cumbersome and the safety hazard is still relatively large, and it is also easy to cause environmental pollution. The purpose is to provide no violent discharge. Heat, no flammable and explosive hydrogen gas generation, simple equipment, easy operation, strong safety, a safe treatment method for metal sodium that prevents hydrogen generation

Method used

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  • Metal sodium safety treatment method capable of avoiding hydrogen generation

Examples

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Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0029] A safe treatment method for preventing the generation of hydrogen metal sodium, the specific preparation method is as follows:

[0030] Replace the dry and closed reaction kettle with reflux device with nitrogen for three times, add 46Kg (2kmol) sodium metal and 100Kg toluene into the kettle, turn on steam heating, until the temperature in the kettle rises by 110℃, keep the temperature for 1h, the sodium metal is completely melted , Turn on the stirring, slowly add dropwise a mixture of 253Kg (2kmol) benzyl chloride and 46KgN,N-dimethylformamide, the dripping process is slightly exothermic, the dripping is completed in about 4h, and the temperature is kept at 110℃ for 2h, and the temperature is reduced to 30℃ slowly. 108Kg (6Kmol) of water was added dropwise, and the addition was completed in 2 hours to obtain a saturated aqueous solution of the upper toluene organic phase and the lower layer of sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride.

Embodiment 2

[0032] A safe treatment method for preventing the generation of hydrogen metal sodium, the specific preparation method is as follows:

[0033] Replace the dry and closed reaction kettle with reflux device with nitrogen for three times. Add 23Kg (1kmol) of sodium metal and 50Kg of toluene into the kettle, turn on steam heating until the temperature in the kettle rises by 110℃, keep the temperature for 1h, and the sodium metal is completely melted. , Turn on the stirring, slowly add dropwise a mixture of 171Kg (1kmol) benzyl bromide and 23KgN,N-dimethylformamide, the dripping process is slightly exothermic, and the dripping is completed in about 4h. The temperature is kept at 110℃ for 2h, and the temperature is reduced to 30℃. 54Kg (3Kmol) of water was added dropwise, and the addition was completed in 2 hours to obtain a toluene organic phase and a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide.

Embodiment 3

[0035] A safe treatment method for preventing the generation of hydrogen metal sodium, the specific preparation method is as follows:

[0036] Replace the dry and airtight reaction kettle with reflux device with nitrogen for three times, add 11.5Kg (0.5kmol) sodium metal and 34Kg toluene into the kettle, turn on the steam heating, until the temperature in the kettle rises by 100℃, keep the temperature for 1h, sodium metal Completely melt, turn on the stirring, slowly add 63Kg (0.5kmol) benzyl chloride and 5KgN,N-dimethylformamide mixture, the dripping process slightly exothermics, about 4h to complete the dripping, 110 ℃ heat preservation 8h, sodium metal The reaction is complete, the temperature is lowered to 30°C, 36Kg (2Kmol) of water is slowly added dropwise, and the dropwise addition is completed in 2h, to obtain a toluene organic phase and a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a metal sodium safety treatment method capable of avoiding hydrogen generation, and solves the problems that in the prior art, generation of explosion and a great volume of hydrogen cannot be avoided in a metal sodium treatment process, the operation is fussy, potential safety hazards are still serious, and meanwhile, environmental pollution is also easy to cause. The metal sodium safety treatment method comprises: (1) under the protection of nitrogen, placing metal sodium into a reaction kettle with an alkane-containing solvent, heating to melt the metal sodium, and stirring to form fine sodium balls; (2) slowly dropwise adding a mixture of amide and halogenated hydrocarbon RX, performing a heat preservation reaction to convert the metal sodium into an alkyl sodium intermediate state RNa and sodium halide, enabling part of the intermediate state RNa to react with the halogenated hydrocarbon RX to form bi-alkyl hydrocarbon R-R and sodium halide, and enabling the intermediate state RNa which is incompletely converted to react with quantitatively added water to form alkyl hydrocarbon RH and sodium halide. The metal sodium safety treatment method has the advantages of no severe heat release, no generation of inflammable and explosive hydrogen gas, mild condition and very high safety controllability.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to a safe treatment method, in particular to a safe treatment method for preventing the generation of metal sodium from hydrogen. Background technique [0002] Sodium metal is a very important chemical raw material with a global production capacity of about 160,000 tons, mainly produced in China. Metal sodium has a wide range of applications in scientific laboratories, chemical industry, pharmaceutical chemical industry and nuclear industry, and it is an extremely important substance in national social and economic life. Metal sodium is an alkali metal chemical element. It has extremely active chemical properties and is easily oxidized by air. It also reacts violently with water, alcohol, acid and other types of substances or their mixtures, releasing huge heat and flammable and explosive hydrogen. In the chemical industry, the small amount of sodium metal residue remaining in the reactor and other equipment after the use of sodium me...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C07F1/04C07C1/32C07C15/06C07C15/18C01D3/04C01D1/04
CPCC07F1/04C01D1/04C01D3/04C07C1/328C07C15/06C07C15/18
Inventor 谈平忠周永恒谈平安
Owner CHENGDU ORGANOCHEM CO LTD
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