A Method for Efficient Restoration of Contaminated Wetlands Using Artificial Ecosystems

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for efficiently repairing a contaminated wetland with artificial ecosystems. Scientific configuration is performed according to different longitudes and latitudes, different temperatures and humidity and different coastal contamination types, the arbor, tree and shrub, herbaceous plant and benthonic animal ecosystems are established artificially, a particular sediment microorganism community is formed naturally, and heavy metal and organic pollutants in the contaminated wetland are rapidly and effectively absorbed and converted by microorganisms and adsorbed and extracted by plants. Maximization of ecological benefits and repairing efficiency is guaranteed while the repairing cost is greatly lowered, and certain economic benefits can be generated. The ecological niche difference of the overground part is fully utilized, the vertical space utilization rate is maximized, the underground space root earth contact area is maximized in cooperation with the rhizospheric microorganisms and the benthonic animals, and a new thought for ecological restoration is provided.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of wetland restoration, in particular to a method for efficiently restoring polluted wetlands by using an artificial ecosystem. Background technique [0002] At present, heavy metal and organic pollution has become an important obstacle to economic development and human health, and has received extensive attention internationally. The problem of wetland pollution is particularly prominent in our country. The sewage from modern industry, mining industry and urban life is continuously discharged into rivers, lakes and even oceans, which has seriously affected my country's economic development, human health and living environment. Wetland pollution has caused great losses to my country's fishery, and at the same time formed a huge obstacle to its development. [0003] The remediation methods of wetland pollution include chemical methods, physical methods and biological methods. Although the first two methods are effect...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] There are few existing ecological restoration technologies for polluted coastal wetlands, and most of them are restoration technologies for polluted land soils. For example, the publication number is: 201310538655.X, and the name is: Invention patent for the method of using lawn grass to ecologically restore cadmium-contaminated soil The publication mentions the use of turfgrass bermudagrass to extract heavy metals from cadmium-contaminated soil; the publication number is: 201410778967.2, and the title is: A method of using herbal plants to restore soil ecology in rare earth mining areas. The publication of the invention patent mentions the use of animal manure for soil improvement , and then sow several herbaceous plants for vegetation restoration; the publication number is: 201410018435.9, and the name is: an invention patent of a method for ecological restoration of heavy metal-contaminated soil, in which the fast-growing tree species bamboo willow is used to extract several heavy metals in heavy metal-contaminated soil; the publication number Issued as: 201610337938.1, titled: An invention patent for a construction method of a comprehensive heavy metal-contaminated soil ecological restoration system, in which ditches and artificial lakes are dug, and woody plants, shrubs, herbaceous plants, and emergent plants are planted from the outside to the inside Construct complex forest area with floating plants

[0005] Although the above technologies can produce certain environmental benefits and achieve certain heavy metal extraction effects, they have the following problems: 1) most of them are not suitable for the restoration of wetland pollution, especially coastal wetlands; 2) none of them maximize the ecological benefits ; 3) A high-speed and efficient heavy metal extraction mode has not been formed; 4) Economic benefits are ignored when paying attention to ecological benefits; 5) Most technologies have the risk of ecosystem collapse due to monotonous species or communities, and the reproducibility is not high; 6) Some technologies The cost is too high; 7) Some technologies extract heavy metals of a single type, or do not mention the restoration of organic pollutants; 8) Some technologies use chelating agents, which can easily lead to secondary pollution

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