Fluid flow assembly and fuel cell stack containing the fluid flow assembly

Abstract

The invention relates to a fluid flow assembly and a fuel cell electric pile comprising the same. The fluid flow assembly is used for gas and fluid flow of a reversible fuel cell for hydrogen production power generation, and also applicable to a power generation fuel cell or a hydrogen production electrolysis apparatus with a single function; the fluid flow assembly comprises distribution flow guiding plates used for drainage of the fluid and porous fluid flowing layers used as fluid main flowing channels in a combination manner; a fuel cell pile or an electrolysis apparatus comprising the fluid flow assembly comprises a plurality of single cell assemblies in an overlaid manner; each single cell comprises one fluid flow assembly used as a negative electrode and the other fluid flow assembly used as a positive electrode; and a conventional air permeating layer is arranged in an MEA membrane electrode which only includes a proton exchange membrane and a catalytic layer. Compared with the prior art, the fluid flow assembly and the fuel cell electric pile comprising the same have the advantages of capabilities of rapidly and effectively discharging product fluids, more uniformed fluid distribution, stable power generation performance of the fuel cell due to graded setting of drainage grooves, and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of fuel cell technology, in particular to a fluid flow component and a fuel cell stack containing the fluid flow component. Background technique [0002] A fuel cell is a device that directly converts the chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy through an electrode reaction. A fuel cell is generally constructed of a plurality of cells, each cell comprising two electrodes (anode and cathode) separated by an electrolyte element and assembled in series with each other to form a fuel cell stack. The electrochemical reaction is achieved by supplying the appropriate reactants to each electrode, ie fuel to one electrode and oxidant to the other, creating a potential difference between the electrodes and thereby generating electrical energy. [0003] In order to supply each electrode with reactants, specific interface elements commonly referred to as "bipolar plates" and arranged on both sides of each i...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] The traditional proton exchange membrane electrolysis hydrogen production device is composed of a MEA membrane electrode with a liquid channel plate and a gas diffusion layer. Oxygen generated by the electrolysis reaction is difficult to be effectively and timely discharged from the diffusion layer filled with water; when traditional proton exchange membrane fuel cells generate electricity, oxygen enters the channel of the electrode plate from the oxygen inlet, and the water generated by power generation often accumulates in the diffusion layer Difficult to discharge, causing the stack to fail to work continuously

The oxygen that is introduced cannot take out the stagnant water in the gas flow layer, so that the circulation channel of oxygen is blocked

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