Two-stage alkaline washing extraction device for dissolved organic matter in fresh water

Abstract

The invention provides a two-stage alkali washing type extraction device of organic matters dissolved in a fresh water body. The two-stage alkali washing type extraction device comprises a raw water supply unit, a pretreatment unit, a reverse osmosis concentration unit, a pH (potential of hydrogen) value regulation unit, a finished solution extraction unit, a water tank and a master control system, wherein the finished solution extraction unit comprises a primary-stage adsorbing and gathering device, an ion exchange device A, a secondary-stage adsorbing and gathering device, an ion exchange device B, an eluting device and a chemical adding device; in the finished solution extraction unit, the primary-stage adsorbing and gathering device, the secondary-stage adsorbing and gathering device and respective corresponding ion exchange devices are used for adsorbing and purifying the organic matters dissolved in concentrated water to obtain a high-concentration extraction solution; the high-concentration extraction solution is frozen and dried to obtain high-purity powder solid of the organic matters dissolved in the fresh water body. The two-stage alkali washing type extraction device of the organic matters dissolved in the fresh water body is simple in structure and convenient to operate.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of organic matter extraction, in particular to a two-stage alkaline washing type extraction device for dissolved organic matter in fresh water. Background technique [0002] Dissolved organic matter is a kind of natural macromolecular soluble organic matter mixture that can pass through a filter membrane with a pore size of 0.45 μm in water. Studies have shown that dissolved organic matter in fresh water mainly includes acidic substances such as humic acid and fulvic acid, as well as small molecular substances such as polypeptides, polysaccharides, and amino acids. Among them, small molecular substances such as polypeptides, polysaccharides, and amino acids account for a small proportion and are easily decomposed by aquatic organisms. Dissolved organic matter, mainly including acidic substances such as humic acid and fulvic acid, has a large molecular weight and is difficult to degrade. It is the main component of di...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] The first utility model can realize the removal of anions and cations in water through an anion-cation exchange mixed bed filter column, and can meet the needs of infrared, nuclear magnetic and other organic matter composition analysis; but there are also the following defects: ① The main subcomponents of organic matter are macromolecular organic matter Acids (such as humic acid and fulvic acid account for about 50-90%), most of fulvic acid and humic acid ionize into anions in neutral and near-neutral water bodies, this utility model uses anion exchange resin to remove anions in water bodies At the same time, a large amount of organic matter will be adsorbed, resulting in the loss of acidic components in organic matter

At the same time, the protein-like organic matter in the organic matter is an amphoteric substance, which can be ionized into anion and cation in the water body. The utility model anion-cation mixed exchange resin will adsorb a large amount of protein-like organic matter, resulting in the loss of protein-like organic matter.

②This utility model patent is only applicable to freshwater organic matter, but it is not applicable to the extraction of seawater organic matter, because seawater contains a large amount of sodium ions, and reverse osmosis can easily cause sodium chloride crystallization and precipitation, which will damage the operation of the equipment; ③This practical The new patent uses an anion-cation mixed bed resin filter column to remove calcium ions, magnesium ions, chloride ions, sulfate ions, etc. in water, instead of using internationally accepted XAD resin for adsorption and collection of organic matter. The concentration of organic matter collected in this way is relatively low. Can not meet the demand for high concentration of organic matter in the experimental process

Therefore, this utility model cannot extract all organic matter components of all water bodies. In addition, this utility model has a complex structure, cannot realize effective automatic control, and has poor implementability

[0007] The second utility model can automatically realize the enrichment and separation of dissolved organic matter in water, but it is limited to the separation of organic matter, and the degree of automation is not high, the steps are cumbersome, the operation is inconvenient, and high-concentration organic matter cannot be obtained; in addition, the above-mentioned The utility model patent is only applicable to the separation of organic matter in sewage and wastewater, and is completely inapplicable to fresh water or seawater; secondly, there is no nanofiltration osmosis process in the system disclosed in the above utility model patent, resulting in low separation efficiency of organic matter; again , the general organic matter of the International Humic Acid Society (IHSS) is divided into humic acid and fulvic acid, and there is no hydrophilic acidity, hydrophilic neutrality, hydrophilic alkalinity, hydrophobic alkalinity, hydrophobic acidity, etc. disclosed in the utility model. Components such as hydrophobic and neutral, and the above-mentioned components are different from the components of the organic matter protected by the present invention

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