Breeding method of mangifera indica mutants based on whole irradiation of grafted seedlings

Abstract

The invention belongs to a breeding technique of agriculture and forestry industrial crops, and particularly relates to an induced-mutation breeding method for obtaining new mutant germplasm based on 60Co-gamma-ray irradiation for whole grafted seedlings of mangifera indica. The breeding method comprises the breeding steps of (1) collecting seeds of mellow mangifera indica, accelerating germination until plant height is 9-11cm, performing transplanting to a nutrition bag, and performing breeding as rootstock seedlings; (2) collecting branches of the mangifera indica of the selected variety and 0.5-1 aged old, and grafting the branched to the rootstock seedlings so as to obtain grafting seedlings; (3) performing grafting for about 1-3 weeks, and treating the grafted seedlings through 60Co-gamma-ray irradiation; and (4) screening out the grafted seedlings with obvious trait changes namely the new germplasm of the mangifera indica, performing field planting in land for growing field crops and preforming further breeding utilization. According to the breeding method disclosed by the invention, a great quantity of new good-quality germplasms of the mangifera indica, having individual gene variation and property mutation can be quickly and effectively created, besides, original heredity background and good properties are maintained, and the breeding method has positive significance in avoiding the present situation that excellent germplasm resources of the mangifera indica are in short, and improving the good variety breeding efficiency of the mangifera indica.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the breeding technology of agricultural and forestry economic crops, and specifically relates to a 60 Co-γ ray irradiating whole mango plant grafted seedlings to obtain mutant new germplasm mutation breeding method. technical background: [0002] Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is one of the most important tropical and subtropical fruits in the world, belonging to Anacardiaceae (Anacardiaceae) Mango (Mangifera) evergreen trees, mainly distributed in India, Indonesia, Malay Peninsula, Thailand and other Southeast Asia The country and China's Hainan, Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian and other hot-spot provinces, because fruit trees have been domesticated thousands of years ago, and are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, with a long history of cultivation, the fruit tastes delicious and beautiful in appearance , nutritious, rich in multivitamins, fructose and protein, can be eaten fresh or made into jam, preser...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the radiation source, dose, dose rate, timing and other parameters must be selected properly, otherwise there will be a large number of "deteriorating" variations and very few "becoming" variations

[0004] Currently, researchers have used 60 Co-γ rays irradiate the seeds, pollen, scion, etc. of fruit trees to carry out mutation breeding, but the above materials have their own disadvantages: if the seeds are irradiated to obtain mutant offspring, the trait changes in the offspring cannot be determined to be the source of the mutation. Mutagenic effect or hybrid effect; if pollen is irradiated to obtain mutagenic offspring, it is difficult to obtain mutagenic offspring because the hybrid pollination seed setting rate is extremely low after pollen is irradiated; if scion is irradiated to obtain Mutation offspring, because the scion cannot be preserved for a long time, it is difficult to graft and survive after irradiation

However how to use 60 Co-gamma ray irradiates whole mango grafted seedlings to obtain high-quality mutagenic offspring. This is a complex and huge project. The relevant technical solutions have not been reported yet, and research and development are urgently needed.