Culture method for stable and homozygous tobacco chromosome single fragment substitution line

Abstract

The invention discloses a culture method for a stable and homozygous tobacco chromosome single fragment substitution line. The culture method comprises the steps that tobacco germplasm Y3 with a good comprehensive form serves as a recurrent parent, the high-quality tobacco variety K326 and the disease-resistant cigar variety Beinhart 1000-1 serve as donor parents, the technologies of hybridization, backcrossing and molecular marker-assisted selection are adopted, molecular markers obtained through an established tobacco genetic linkage map are used for carrying out assisted selection on the backcrossing second generation and the subsequent backcrossing generations thereof, and the self-crossing first generation and the later generations thereof, chromosome substitution fragment features are identified, and the stable and homozygous tobacco chromosome single fragment substitution line is obtained. By means of the culture method, the genetic basis of tobacco varieties can be expanded, permeation of exogenous good germplasm to culture varieties can be rapidly achieved, a convenient, practical, scientific and efficient approach is provided for the high-quality and disease resistance polymerization oriented improvement on tobacco, the selectivity of the breeding process is improved, the breeding efficiency is improved, and the culture process of new high-quality and disease resistance tobacco varieties and the seed industrialization process are accelerated.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of molecular genetic breeding, and in particular relates to a method for cultivating stable and homozygous tobacco chromosome single-segment substitution lines. Background technique [0002] Tobacco is one of the important economic crops in my country, and the breeding work has achieved certain results, but there is still a certain gap compared with K326 and other fine varieties imported from abroad, which cannot fully meet the needs of domestic tobacco production for varieties (Wang Yuanying, Zhou Jian. Zhong Genetic Analysis and Tobacco Breeding of Main American Tobacco Varieties. Chinese Journal of Tobacco, 1995, 13(5): 11-22). Most of the important breeding target traits such as yield, quality and resistance of tobacco are quantitative traits controlled by polygenes. Big (Tong Z J, et al. Mapping of quantitative trait loci conferring resistance to brown spot in flue-cured tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum ...

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Problems solved by technology

Although tobacco genome sequencing has laid the foundation for the construction of high-density tobacco molecular marker genetic maps (Sierro, N, et al. The tobacco genome sequence and its comparison with those of tomato and potato. Nature Communication, 2014, 5:3833 doi: 10.1038 / ncomms4833), but because of its narrow genetic base, low polymorphism among cultivated species, QTL mapping and other basic research is relatively backward, and only a few QTL mapping is mainly based on the primary mapping population, and the results cannot be directly applied to tobacco leaf production ( Tong Z J, et al.. Large-scale development of microsatellite markers in Nicotiana tabacum and construction of a genetic map of flue-cured tobacco. Plant Breeding, 2012, 131(5): 674-680)

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