Novel rare-earth electrolytic bath

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel rare-earth electrolytic bath. A gap is reserved in the center of each anode, and the bottom surface of each anode is a concave surface being concave from the periphery towards the center. A cathode is correspondingly arranged below each anode. The cathodes are buried in a protruding high-temperature-resisting material. The top of each cathode is an arc convex surface and protrudes out of the high-temperature insulating material. An electrical insulating layer is arranged between the high-temperature-resisting material and each cathode. A metal groove is formed between every two cathodes, and the high-temperature-resisting material is concave downwards to form the metal grooves. A cathode steel bar is located at the bottom of each cathode and connected with the cathode. The space between every two adjacent cathode steel bars is filled with a graphite block. An electrical insulating layer is arranged between each graphite block and the corresponding cathode steel bar. A feeder is arranged on the top of a bath body. According to the novel rare-earth electrolytic bath, the convex surfaces of the cathodes are higher than the high-temperature insulating layers, so that a high-temperature zone of the electrolytic bath is moved upwards. Through the metal grooves designed for the electrolytic bath, the contact area of metal and an electrolyte is reduced, re-dissolution of the metal is restrained, and the current efficiency is improved. The shapes of the anodes of the electrolytic bath are beneficial for discharging of anode bubbles.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of rare earth molten salt electrolysis, and in particular relates to a novel rare earth electrolytic cell. Background technique [0002] At present, the upper opening of the electrolytic cell for industrial production of rare earth metals is open, and the cathode and anode are arranged parallel and vertically on the cylindrical surface. This structure leads to low production efficiency of rare earth metal electrolysis, serious environmental pollution, large fluctuations in process parameters, and difficulty in realizing large-scale and automation, which seriously hinders the further development of rare earth electrolysis technology. Studies have shown that: the open radiation heat dissipation of the rare earth electrolyzer with the current structure accounts for 44.5% of the total heat expenditure, which leads to the electrolyzer having to maintain the heat balance of the electrolyzer through high voltage. When the v...

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Problems solved by technology

The invention also realizes a closed structure, which effectively solves the problems of tail gas collection and heat loss of open electrolytic cells

The electrolytic cell with this structure overcomes the problems of the traditional rare earth electrolytic cell that the pole distance changes continuously and cannot be adjusted during the electrolysis process. It is very convenient to adjust the pole distance through the height of the anode to control the voltage and temperature of the cell, and the electrolysis process does not require frequent Adjust the current to control the tank temperature. Therefore, the current can be kept constant during electrolytic production, which is also conducive to the large capacity of the electrolytic tank, and improves the production capacity and labor productivity of a single tank.

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