Water-saving and fertilizer-saving method used for cultivating rice in straw mulching mode

Abstract

The invention relates to a water-saving and fertilizer-saving method used for cultivating rice in a straw mulching mode. The earth surface of a paddy field is uniformly covered with wheat straw or oilseed rape straw obtained after preceding crops are harvested; after irrigation and fertilization are conducted on the rice, the straw in the field is used for automatically absorbing water and fertilizer; after irrigation drying, the water and the fertilizer absorbed by the straw are released slowly, definite humidity in the field is kept, and therefore growth requirements of the rice are met; thus, the time interval between current irrigation and next irrigation can be prolonged, and the number of irrigation and the quantity of the fertilizer for the lifetime of the rice can be reduced. Comparative trials show that by the adoption of the technology of planting the rice by covering the whole earth surface with the straw, irrigation water capacity can be reduced by 20%-30% per mu, 90 m<3>-130m<3> can be saved per mu, the utilization rate of the fertilizer is improved by 8%-10%, and 15%-20% of the fertilizer is saved. The method has the advantages that raising of seedlings, transplanting of the seedlings, and soil preparation conducted in a ploughing and raking mode are omitted, and labor, cost and rice nursery beds are saved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rice production, in particular to a water-saving and fertilizer-saving method for cultivating rice. Background technique [0002] my country is one of the countries with the poorest water resources in the world. The per capita fresh water resources are only 1 / 4 of the world average. Therefore, cherishing water resources and saving water are directly related to the national economy and people's livelihood. Rice is one of the main food crops in our country, and plays a pivotal role in the national economy, directly affecting whether domestic rice is contained in the rice bowls of more than one billion people in the country. However, rice cultivation is a large water user. my country's rice planting area accounts for 28%, but water consumption accounts for more than 65% of the total agricultural water consumption. Thereby researching and developing rice water-saving high-yield cultivation has very great pr...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] At present, the utilization rate of water for rice cultivation in my country is not high, and the waste phenomenon is both serious and common.