A flue gas carbon dioxide capture system and capture method

Abstract

The invention discloses a flue gas carbon dioxide capture system and a capture method. The system includes a carbon dioxide absorption tower, an ammonia detection and recovery integrated structure, an absorbent preparation device, a heat exchange and regeneration structure, and a multi-stage compression-segment extraction system. thermal structure. The method includes: capturing carbon dioxide in the flue gas by using ammonia water decarbonization technology; detecting the ammonia concentration in the flue gas after decarburization, and discharging the flue gas directly when the concentration is lower than the preset concentration; Ammonia recovery and treatment; heating and regeneration of carbon capture rich liquid and reuse of absorbent, while producing high-concentration carbon dioxide; adopting staged compression-stage heat extraction process to concentrate and regenerate carbon dioxide, and effectively reuse waste heat. The invention has strong carbon capture ability, low price of absorbent and low investment cost. Not only can the waste heat be effectively recycled, the energy consumption of absorbent regeneration can be reduced, the problem of ammonia volatilization loss caused by the capture of carbon dioxide by ammonia water can be solved, the operation cost can be reduced, and no secondary pollution can be generated.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of flue gas treatment technology, in particular to a flue gas carbon dioxide capture system and a capture method. Background technique [0002] Combustion of fossil fuels is the main cause of producing large amounts of carbon dioxide, which is emitted into the atmosphere, causing the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to rise significantly since the industrial revolution, and bringing many hazards. Scientists have shown through research that carbon dioxide is the main factor causing the greenhouse effect and leading to global climate anomalies. The greenhouse effect causes the climate to warm, and the polar and mountain glaciers melt, thereby raising the sea level. Observations show that the sea level has risen by 14-15cm in the past 100 years, and will continue to rise, which will lead to flooding of lowlands, poor drainage and Seawater intrusion and other issues. In addition, climate warmi...

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Problems solved by technology

[0006] At present, the use of MEA (ethanolamine) solution to chemically absorb and separate carbon dioxide in flue gas has been gradually put into industrial application at home and abroad. However, MEA solution itself has some inherent defects, among which the more prominent ones are the high price of MEA itself and the regeneration temperature. If it is too high, it will require a lot of energy consumption, high investment and operation costs, and it will easily cause equipment corrosion

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