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Method for measuring gravitational acceleration through rolling of small ball

A technology of gravitational acceleration and small balls, which is applied to educational appliances, instruments, teaching models, etc., can solve the problems of superimposed conical pendulums and the inability of single pendulum to effectively restrain the pendulum ball, and achieves simple measurement process, expanded thinking, and data processing. Simple process effect

Inactive Publication Date: 2014-09-03
SICHUAN UNIV
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Problems solved by technology

[0004] In order to overcome the problem that the simple pendulum can not effectively restrain the pendulum ball and is prone to superimposed conical pendulums, the present invention proposes a method for measuring the acceleration of gravity by rolling a small ball, which is a method to replace the simple pendulum for measuring the acceleration of gravity

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Embodiment Construction

[0009] Conical pendulum:

[0010] f 拉 *cosθ=mg

[0011] f 拉 *sinθ= F 向 =mω 2 r = mω 2 * Lsinθ

[0012] Divide the two equations to get

[0013] g=ω 2 Lcosθ=(2pi / T) 2 Lcosθ where, pi=3.1415926

[0014] The formula for measuring the acceleration of gravity with a simple pendulum is g=ω 2 L=(2pi / T) 2 L, for a conical pendulum, it is equivalent to a simple pendulum whose pendulum length is shortened from L to L*cosθ. For the simple pendulum experiment of superimposing a circular pendulum, since the value of the acceleration of gravity is constant, the equivalent pendulum length in the numerator becomes shorter, in The period T of the denominator will also be shortened, if the original pendulum length of the simple pendulum is still calculated, the measured value of the gravitational acceleration will become larger. In the experiment, the simple pendulum experiment is generally not made into a pure conical pendulum, because it is too obvious; often a conical pendulum ...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for measuring the gravitational acceleration through rolling of a small ball and relates to the field of physical parameter measurement, in particular to the field of gravitational acceleration measurement. The method for measuring the gravitational acceleration through rolling of the small ball aims to overcome the shortages that a simple pendulum cannot effectively constraint a pendulum ball and conic pendulum overlaying is prone to occurrence. According to the technical scheme, the method comprises the steps that the small ball rolls down from the upper portion of one side of a circular-arc groove with the curvature radius being R and conducts reciprocated swing under mutual conversion of potential energy and kinetic energy; a pair of light holes are formed in the side faces of the circular-arc groove, a light-emitting diode and a receiving diode of a photogate are arranged in the light holes, and the swing period T of the small ball is measured by the photogate, wherein the gravitational acceleration g=(2pi / T)*2*1.4R. The method has the advantages that the small ball is limited by the circular-arc groove and conic pendulum overlaying like that of the simple pendulum is avoided; the method for measuring the gravitational acceleration expands thoughts of students; compared with a method for measuring the gravitational acceleration through a compound pendulum, the measurement process and the data processing process are as simple as those of a method for measuring the gravitational acceleration through the simple pendulum.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of measurement of physical parameters, especially the measurement of gravitational acceleration. Background technique [0002] In university physics laboratories, simple pendulums and compound pendulums are commonly used to measure gravitational acceleration. The pendulum ball of a simple pendulum is only controlled by the suspension point and the cycloid. The cycloid is soft. When doing the simple pendulum experiment, if it is not done well, it will often be made into a conical pendulum. The conical pendulum is equivalent to shortening the length of the pendulum. The simple pendulum leads to a shortened measurement period, which leads to a larger measured gravitational acceleration; of course, most of the time it does not reach the extreme of the conical pendulum, usually a conical pendulum is superimposed on the single pendulum motion. [0003] Some people also subjectively think that the reciprocating motion of th...

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): G09B23/10
Inventor 李娟胡再国张俊峰梁雅庭邹旭敏穆万军朱俊饶大庆罗明蓉雍志华程艳王维果刘石丹李伟于白茹梁小冲李紫源
Owner SICHUAN UNIV
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