Lateral pre-tightening type rolling and sliding composite guide rail structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a lateral pre-tightening type rolling and sliding composite guide rail structure. The lateral pre-tightening type rolling and sliding composite guide rail structure comprises guide rails, a sliding block and a lateral pre-tightening mechanism, wherein the guide rails are mutually matched, the sliding block comprises two end-surface baffle plates and a sliding block body, the bottom part of the sliding block is provided with a groove which is matched with the guide rails, a first guide rail soft belt is arranged between the upper surface of the groove and normal-direction bearing surfaces of the guide rails along the length direction of the guide rails, a second guide rail soft belt is arranged between the bottom surface of the groove and lateral bearing surfaces of the guide rails along the length direction of the guide rails, the upper left corner of the groove is symmetrically provided with two U-shaped grooves along the length direction of the sliding block, a positioning convex shoulder is arranged between the two U-shaped grooves, and the two U-shaped grooves are respectively and internally provided with rolling blocks which are matched with the guiding surfaces of the guide rails. The lateral pre-tightening type rolling and sliding composite guide rail structure disclosed by the invention integrates the advantages of rolling guide rails and sliding guide rails, the moving resistance can be reasonably and effectively reduced while the guiding and positioning accuracy of moving guide rails and the bearing capacity of the moving guide rails are ensured under the situation of heavy load cutting, and the sensitivity, the rigidity and the vibration resistance of the moving guide rails are increased.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of numerically controlled machine tool components, in particular to a laterally preloaded rolling-sliding composite guide rail structure. Background technique [0002] Guide rail is one of the core components of heavy-duty CNC machine tools, which largely determines the rigidity, accuracy and precision retention of heavy-duty CNC machine tools. [0003] The executive components (spindle box, tool holder, workbench) of heavy-duty CNC machine tools are heavy, which puts forward higher requirements for the bearing capacity of the guide rail and the motion performance under heavy-duty cutting. [0004] At present, the guide rails for heavy-duty CNC machine tools mainly include rolling guide rails, sliding guide rails and hydrostatic guide rails. [0005] The rolling guideway is made of rolling elements (balls, rollers or needles) placed between the guide part and the moving part, and can make the matching two guide ra...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] The rolling guideway is made of rolling elements (balls, rollers or needles) placed between the guide part and the moving part, and can make the matching two guide rail surfaces not directly contact, so it has small frictional resistance, follow-up and It has the advantages of good high-speed motion performance, high positioning accuracy and repeat positioning accuracy, but its contact stress is large under heavy load conditions, and its vibration resistance and rigidity are poor.

[0006] The sliding guide rail has a large contact area, and most of them use inlaid guide rails or plastic-coated guide rails. They have large bearing capacity, good vibration resistance and rigidity, but their dynamic and static friction is relatively large, and their movement sensitivity is low. They are easy to "crawl" and wear at low speeds. , the disadvantage of short service life

[0007] The hydrostatic guideway adopts liquid friction, and the oil film has good vibration resistance, but its structure is complicated, the cost is high, and maintenance is difficult, so it has not been widely used.

[0008] The above types of guide rails have their own advantages and disadvantages. If rolling guide rails or sliding guide rails are used alone, it is difficult to meet the ideal performance indicators and accuracy requirements of heavy-duty machine tools.

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