High-efficiency energy-saving grain drying machine and drying method

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency energy-saving grain drying machine and a drying method. The drying machine adopts a brand-new heat source design provided by an air energy heat pump. The high-efficiency energy-saving grain drying machine comprises an air energy dehumidifying pump, a main room body, an auxiliary room body, a heat exchanger, a fan, an intelligent controller, electromagnetic valves, a temperature-humidity sensor, a stacking bed, a dehumidifying mechanism and a cabin door; the intelligent controller is used for transmitting a multi-point average humidity-temperature signal inside a room obtained by the temperature-humidity sensor, and each electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with the intelligent controller so as to realize the intelligent operation of the drying machine. The high-efficiency energy-saving grain drying machine and the drying method are used for drying the grain, so that the characteristics of high efficiency, energy conservation, intelligentization in operation and good grain quality can be realized.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to drying equipment and a drying method for crops, in particular to drying equipment and a drying method for cereals. Background technique [0002] my country is a big country in grain production and consumption, with an annual production of 600 million tons of grain. According to statistics, the loss of my country's grain in the process of threshing, drying, storage, transportation, and processing after harvest is as high as 15%, far exceeding the 5% standard set by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Among these losses, due to climatic reasons, as much as 5% of grains are lost due to mildew and germination caused by grains not being dried in time or not reaching safe moisture. If calculated on the basis of an annual output of 600 million tons of grain, it is equivalent to 30 million tons of grain loss every year. on drying. It can be seen that the mechanization of grain drying is more important than th...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The problem is that the drum structure of this dryer is only suitable for drying clothes, not for drying granular grains

The disadvantages are: the hot air flow of this dryer only circulates simply in the drying room, and there is no mechanism for placing grain in the drying room. If this dryer is used to dry grain, it cannot solve the problem of uniformity of grain drying and Drainage and dehumidification in the drying process, a large amount of water in the grain drying process has no place to discharge, it is difficult to make the grain drying to an ideal state; moreover, the two-stage heat pump heating system greatly increases the cost of the dryer, which will inevitably increase the grain drying. cost, it is difficult to realize the economy of grain drying

Although this multi-purpose assembled drying room can be used for grain drying, there are the following problems: First, only one thermometer is installed on the top of the drying room to measure and control the temperature in the room. The temperature difference is large, and it is impossible to obtain uniform grain drying quality; second, there is no grain storage platform in the barn, and the grain can only be stacked at the bottom of the barn, which cannot solve the problem of drainage and humidity during the grain drying process; third, the controller is only simple. Advanced digital instruments cannot achieve intelligent control of the drying process, cannot slow down the drying process of grains, and cannot guarantee the germination rate of grains

[0010] In summary, there are many problems in the existing fuel-type and electric heating grain dryers, which make it difficult to popularize grain dryers. The main problems are summarized as follows:

[0011]First, the above-mentioned grain dryer cannot formulate the best drying process according to the cytological structure of grain plants, resulting in uneven drying temperature, which affects the drying effect and reduces the food quality

The fuel-type grain dryer provides the heat source by burning fuel to generate hot steam. The temperature of the steam is in an uncontrollable state, always in the range of 100-1200C, and the temperature difference in the drying process is very large. The humidity difference between the surface and the center of the dried grain is large, and it is difficult to achieve a uniform drying effect. In addition, steam drying can easily cause the grain on the surface to be dried in an over-temperature state, and the plant cell structure of the grain is easily damaged, resulting in explosion. The waist phenomenon reduces the germination rate of grain seeds, making it difficult to achieve the best drying quality of grain; the electric heating drying method uses the heating of the resistance wire to provide the heat source, the heating temperature of the electric heating wire is higher, and the drying of the grain is difficult. Larger temperature difference affects the drying effect of grain more significantly

[0012] Second, the drying cost is high

Due to the high price of fuel and electricity, the cost of grain drying is as high as 0.3-0.4 yuan / kg, and the high drying cost is difficult to popularize and apply in agricultural production

[0013]Third, the efficiency of drying operation is low

Due to the uncontrollability of temperature, it is difficult to realize intelligent operation in the grain drying process

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