Ecological and energy-saving solar greenhouse of composite mud wall-canopy structure

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological and energy-saving solar greenhouse of a composite mud wall-canopy structure. The ecological and energy-saving solar greenhouse of the composite mud wall-canopy structure comprises multiple greenhouse units which are connected. Each greenhouse unit comprises a front wall, a middle wall and a rear wall, wherein a sun shed is arranged between the front wall and the middle wall, a dark shed is arranged between the middle wall and the rear wall, a sun shed steel arch is arranged in the sun shed, the span of the sun shed steel arch is 9 m-11 m, the height of a ridge of the sun shed steel arch is 5 m-6 m, the distance between the ridge and the edge of the northern side of the front wall is 7.5 m-8.5 m, the distance between the ridge and the edge of the southern side of the middle wall is 1.5 m-2.5 m, the shed face between the ridge and the front wall forms a front shed face, the shed face between the ridge and the middle wall forms a rear shed face, the included angle between the rear shed face and the ground is smaller than 45 degrees and is larger than a local sunlight incidence angle on winter solstice, the front shed face of the sun shed is covered with five multifunctional co-extrusion films, and the rear shed face of the sun shed and the shed face of the dark shed are covered with double-layer hollow PE films. According to the ecological and energy-saving solar greenhouse of the composite mud wall-canopy structure, the sunlight utilization rate and the land utilization rate are improved greatly, the temperature control performance is perfect, and year-round production can be achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of modern ecological agriculture, in particular to an ecological energy-saving solar greenhouse as a basic platform technology under the concept of modern ecological agriculture. Background technique [0002] The solar greenhouse is the invention of our country's scientific and technological personnel and farmers. It faces south and has three walls. The front house is exposed to light and covered with heat preservation. Its advantages are: energy saving and heat preservation, and it can produce warm melons and fruits without heating in winter. Vegetables; disadvantages are: small scale, short service life, low land utilization rate, and its thermal insulation cannot fully guarantee the safe production of off-season warm vegetables, easy to suffer from extreme meteorological disasters (continuous high temperature, low temperature, strong wind, heavy rain and snow, etc.), facility utilization The rate is low, ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0002] The solar greenhouse is an invention of our country's scientific and technological personnel and farmers. It faces south and has three enclosure walls. The front room facing the south is covered with light-receiving curved surfaces and thermal insulation. Its advantages are: energy saving and heat preservation, and it can produce warm melons and fruits without heating in winter Vegetables; the disadvantages are: small scale, short service life, low land utilization rate, and its thermal insulation cannot fully guarantee the safe production of anti-seasonal temperature-loving vegetables. The production rate is low, and it cannot be produced all year round, etc., and urgently needs to be upgraded.

[0005] Traditional solar greenhouses generally do not have heating and cooling facilities, and low temperature and high temperature "obstacles" (stagnation of crop growth and development) are prone to occur in severe cold and hot summer. Only "off-season" and "short-season" vegetable production can be carried out, and "long-season" temperature-loving melons cannot be carried out yet. In the production of fruits and vegetables, the production of melons, fruit, leaf sprouts and edible fungi cannot be carried out throughout the year; the use of hot air stoves can avoid low temperature obstacles in winter, but there are problems of non-renewable energy consumption and low thermal efficiency; It can shade the sun and cool down, but it can’t carry out photosynthesis while cooling down, and it can’t solve the problem of “shedding” in summer, which affects the annual utilization rate of the greenhouse.

[0006] The multi-span greenhouse is imported from western developed countries. Advantage 1 is: covered with double-layer light-transmitting heat-insulating long-life sunlight panels, built-in movable foldable multi-layer composite heat-insulating sunshade curtain, and the inner heat-preserving multi-layer covering "canopy" to form a multi-layer film as a whole The composite structure interspersed with multi-layer closed air isolation layers has better thermal insulation than the external thermal insulation covering structure; the second advantage is: the temperature increase, cooling, temperature and humidity light and wind (carbon dioxide) control facilities are complete, and the configuration of environmental elements can be optimized. "Long season", "three-dimensional", multi-stubble, multi-horticultural crop combination annual factory production; but there are also outstanding shortcomings: 1. The roof (light-receiving surface) of the multi-span greenhouse is a north-south spire or round vault, which is far less than that of a solar greenhouse. The arc-shaped light-receiving curved surface facing north and south has good light transmission; 2. The multi-span greenhouse has no enclosure wall structure, which is far inferior to the solar greenhouse with an enclosure wall, especially the thick earth wall has good heat storage and heat preservation; 3. The multi-span greenhouse construction The investment is huge, environmental regulation consumes a lot of energy, and it is non-renewable energy. The construction and operation cost is ten to dozens of times higher than that of a solar greenhouse. It is only suitable for a few high-value-added projects such as high-end flowers and ecological tourism, and is not suitable for large areas. Facility Horticultural Crop Production

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