Means for Rendering Key Respiratory Measurements Accessible to Mobile Digital Devices

Abstract

An acoustic means for rendering key respiratory measurements accessible to hand-held mobile digital devices with audio input capabilities (such as mobile phones, personal digital assistants, mobile gaming platforms, and tablets). One or more embodiments comprise: a compact and portable whistle (101) that encodes a user's expiratory airflow rate as audio frequency, and a software process with local or remote access to mobile-device audio that decodes said audio frequency to regain expiratory airflow rate and derive key respiratory measurements, so that these measurements and related information may conveniently be made available to the user (100) and the user's health network of family members (103) and physicians (104). Embodiments enable leveraging the ubiquity and extensive capabilities of hand-held mobile digital devices, while simultaneously simplifying requirements for a dedicated spirometry device.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application claims the benefit of provisional patent application Ser. No. 61 / 246,058, filed 2009 Sep. 25 by the present inventor.FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH[0002]Not ApplicableSEQUENCE LISTING OR PROGRAM[0003]Not ApplicableBACKGROUND[0004]1. Field[0005]This application concerns human expiratory airflow measurement and monitoring through the use of portable devices and systems.[0006]2. Prior Art[0007]Spirometers—devices that monitor respiration—are used in range of clinical, domestic, and vocational situations. Spirometers are used to diagnose and monitor common respiratory conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), screen for occupational health hazards such as silicosis and black lung disease, and assist athletes and lung transplant recipients to monitor lung performance.[0008]There are two general categories of spirometers—diagnostic spirometers and monitoring spirometers—each with its own set of r...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The patent allows for easy and convenient measurements of human expiratory airflow to be made using hand-held mobile devices with audio input. This is done in a rapid and wireless manner, without the need for manual recording or data entry.

Problems solved by technology

Asthma is a considerable problem, and peak flow meters play a role in the asthma management strategies that physicians and medical institutions recommend.

Despite the recommendations of medical authorities, use of peak flow meters is far from ubiquitous.

While leading physicians and medical institutions are encouraging self-care through routine peak airflow monitoring, they are not recommending that the entire burden of asthma management fall on the shoulders of individual patients.

Furthermore, as threshold devices, they do not facilitate routine measurement in the manner that leading physicians and medical institutions now recommend.

While such mechanical peak flow meters are simple and relatively inexpensive, friction, inertia, gravity, and other artifacts of mechanical implementation can compromise their accuracy.

Since mechanical peak flow meters typically only display the result of the most recent measurement trial, they do not facilitate presentation of multiple trial results simultaneously—much less the visualization or exploration of trial data over a range of time scales.

Although electronic peak flow meters typically offer greater measurement accuracy than mechanical peak flow meters, this accuracy comes at a price.

Electronic peak flow meters tend to be significantly more expensive, and are also frequently less intuitive to use.

The electronic communication capabilities that some electronic peak flow meters offer are basic, and typically only possible with significant additional expense in the form of data cables, memory cards and personal computer software.

Significantly, electronic peak flow meters do little at present to capitalize on advantages that software applications can provide within mobile contexts of use.

Electronic peak flow meters currently require batteries, and can run out of energy at inopportune moments—further eroding ease of use and reliability.

In comparison with alternatives, electronic peak flow meters are more complex to manufacture and more difficult to recycle.

While this investigation introduced the use of a vortex whistle for measurement of expiratory airflow rate, it did not address how the design of a vortex whistle could be refined for use within the context of a portable monitoring spirometry solution, nor did it consider or address mobile scenarios of use.

Because, however, these solutions employ fluidic oscillators as components within or attached to dedicated electronic peak flow measurement devices or systems, they suffer from many of the previously discussed limitations that are typical of electronic peak flow meters.

Furthermore, the solutions presented within these patents do not capitalize on audio feedback as a means to reward a user for exhaling as forcefully as possible.

In an age when networked mobile information services are commonplace, the lack of convenient mobile connectivity and structured channels of digital communication are notable shortcomings.Visualization: Existing portable monitoring spirometry solutions frequently fail to provide concise graphical reports designed to facilitate quick, sound interpretation and effective medical treatment decisions.

Furthermore, the user interfaces for existing portable monitoring solutions do little to support exploration of trends over multiple timescales.Ease of Use: Existing monitoring solutions currently fail to minimize the inconvenience of routine monitoring regimens—not only for patients, but also for family members and physicians.Annotation: Existing peak flow monitoring devices for the most part do not assist patients to supplement automated quantitative measurement with self-reported contextual details.

If a patient does not routinely exhale as forcefully as they are able, the most precise of measurement solutions cannot ensure accurate results.

Contemporary solutions do little to reward the consistent effort required for routine expiratory airflow measurement—nor do they frame the activity of measurement in ways that invite enjoyment.

Present solutions typically frame peak flow measurement as a task to be completed, when it could alternatively be framed as a game to be played, a competition to be won, or the price of admission for some other form of rewarding experience administered in periodic installments.Social Acceptability: The aesthetic / industrial design of available peak flow monitoring devices is usually clinical and utilitarian; for the most part, available devices and systems cannot easily be construed as fun, cool, elegant or fashionable.

Existing portable peak flow monitoring solutions do little to help patients correlate their own lung function with a range of potentially relevant environmental variables, such as local pollen count and geographic location.

The ability to facilitate correlation could be beneficial not only for patients and their networks, but also for public health and medical research institutions in their efforts to understand asthma on a larger scale.Reminding: The vast majority of monitoring solutions do not provide patients with the option of configuring and activating automated reminders that could support the routine monitoring regimens that medical authorities recommend.Although the frequently-competing constraints of low cost, accuracy and reliability have been considered in the past, these constraints have not historically been balanced in ways that leverage the mobile technologies that a growing number of people carry on their persons.

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