Grass endophytes

a technology of grass endophytes and endophytes, which is applied in the field of grass endophytes and combinations of endophytes with grass plants, can solve the problems of significant animal disorders, fescue toxicity, and significant economic loss within pastoral agriculture systems

Inactive Publication Date: 2009-07-16
GRASSLANZ TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0014]It is a further object of the invention to provide an endophyte which can produce lolines in amounts which are considered to be partially or substantially effective in deterring some insect pests from feeding on plants.

Problems solved by technology

Many of the predominating natural endophyte infections of improved grass cultivars used for pastoral agriculture production also cause significant animal disorders, for example tall fescue toxicoses (Stuedemann and Hoveland, 1988) and ryegrass staggers (Fletcher et al., 1999).
These may be complex toxic reactions by animals to alkaloids produced under a range of plant growth conditions.
Significant economic loss within pastoral agriculture systems can occur due to such animal toxicoses.
Ergovaline is considered to be the primary cause of fescue toxicity.
Some Neotyphodium endophytes, notably those of evolutionary derivation from strains of Epichloë festucae such as N. lolii, produce potent tremorgens which are toxic to grazing animals.

Method used

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Embodiment Construction

Culture Conditions and Description

[0047]All endophytes of this invention are strains from collections of seed of tall fescue originally sourced from the Claviplus class. Seed from various tall fescue collections were examined for the presence of endophyte by seed squash technique. A selection of plants for each seed sample, where an endophyte was shown to be present, were grown for a few weeks in glasshouse conditions and re-tested for endophyte presence in their leaf sheaths.

[0048]The endophytes from plants with chemotypes of interest were isolated and grown in culture according to the method of Latch and Christensen (1985). The endophytes of this invention are held in a culture collection or in cloned plants at the Grasslands site of AgResearch Ltd in Palmerston North, New Zealand. The cultures are also deposited at the Australian Government Analytical Laboratories in Sydney, Australia.

[0049]The endophyte cultures were deposited with the Australian Government Analytical Laboratori...

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a combination of a Neotyphodium species endophyte or endophyte culture in a symbiotic association with a host grass which association does not cause symptoms of toxicosis in animals through exclusion of ergovaline but, due to the inclusion of alkaloids including agroclavine, setoclavine or isosetoclavine, retains the ability to resist abiotic stresses and protect the grass from pests.

Description

[0001]This application is a divisional of application Ser. No. 10 / 529,375, which is a National Stage of International Application No. PCT / NZ2003 / 000219, filed Sep. 26, 2003, all of which is incorporated herein by reference.TECHNICAL FIELD[0002]This invention relates to fungal endophytes and combinations of endophytes with grass plants. More particularly the invention relates to endophytes which form combinations with tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) and some other related grasses. Even more particularly the invention relates to combinations having reduced toxicity to grazing livestock as compared to cultivars of endophyte / tall fescue combinations in common use.BACKGROUND ART[0003]Fungal endophytes of the genus Neotyphodium (formerly Acremonium) infect a number of temperate climate Pooideae grasses. The Neotyphodium endophytes can produce alkaloids which are considered to confer degrees of pest and possibly disease protection upon the plants in which they naturally occur (Rowan and ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C12N1/14A01H5/10A01N63/30
CPCC12N1/14A01N63/04A01N63/30
Inventor CHRISTENSEN, MICHAEL JOHNEASTON, HERRICK SYDNEYFLETCHER, LESTER RONALDLANE, GEOFFREY ALEXANDERLATCH, GARRICK CECIL MORLANDPOPAY, ALISON JEANTAPPER, BRIAN ANTHONY
Owner GRASSLANZ TECH
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