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Polynucleotide Encoding a Maize Herbicide Resistance Gene and Methods for Use

a technology of polynucleotide and herbicide resistance, which is applied in the field of polynucleotide encoding a maize herbicide resistance gene and methods for use, can solve the problems of limiting the usefulness of commercial crop production, destroying chlorophyll and whitening of plant tissues, and thriving crop plants while non-herbicide-tolerant weeds are killed or severely damaged

Inactive Publication Date: 2008-02-28
EI DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

When the herbicide is sprayed on a field of herbicide-tolerant crop plants, the crop plants continue to thrive while non-herbicide-tolerant weeds are killed or severely damaged.
Herbicides and crops that are presently commercially available unfortunately have particular characteristics which can limit their usefulness in commercial crop production.
Loss of pigment results in photo-destruction of chlorophyll and whitening of plant tissues, which is why these herbicides are often called “bleaching” herbicides.
The protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO)-inhibiting class of herbicides interferes with the synthesis of chlorophyll, resulting in compounds that produce highly active compounds (free-radicals).
These reactive compounds disrupt cell membranes which results in the leaf burning associated with post-emergence applications of these products.
This results in the plants not being able to fix carbon dioxide and produce the carbohydrates needed for the plant to survive.
The block in electron transfer also causes an oxidative stress and the generation of radicals which cause rapid cellular damage.
Synthetic auxin herbicides mimic natural auxins and cause relatively high concentrations in the cell that result in a rapid growth response.
Susceptible plants treated with these herbicides exhibit symptoms that could be called ‘auxin overdose’, and eventually die as a result of increased rates of disorganized and uncontrolled growth.

Method used

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  • Polynucleotide Encoding a Maize Herbicide Resistance Gene and Methods for Use
  • Polynucleotide Encoding a Maize Herbicide Resistance Gene and Methods for Use
  • Polynucleotide Encoding a Maize Herbicide Resistance Gene and Methods for Use

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

example 1

Identification of the Nsf1 Gene through Positional Cloning

[0112] A BC1 population (expected 50% Nsf1lnsf1, 50% nsf1 / nsf1) was developed using the sensitive inbred W703A as the recurrent parent, and either B73 or Q66 as the resistant line. Plants were misted with a 2.3 mM nicosulfuron, 0.5% v / v Kinetic surfactant solution at approximately the V3 stage. Both resistant and sensitive parents were also grown and sprayed as controls. In order to avoid falsely classifying a plant which may have died due to reasons other than the herbicide application, only resistant progeny were sampled and analyzed. A total of 96 resistant plants were used for the initial mapping. This was sufficient to place Nsf1 between markers umc1766 and umc2036, and thus on contig 202 of the maizeB73-based physical map ((Retrieved on Mar. 6, 2006) Retrieved from the internet Zea—mays / cytoview?contig=ctg202&x=44&y=9>).

[0113] Based on BAC-end sequences of a maize Mo17-based contig, flanking CAPS (cleaved amplified po...

example 2

Analysis of the Nsf1 Gene

[0116] Analysis of the Gene 18 (Nsf1) sequence in the B73-derived BAC shows an open reading frame of 521 amino acids, and containing the conserved heme-binding motif FXXGXXXCXG (SEQ ID NO: 14) found in all cytochrome P450s (FIGS. 1d and 2b).

[0117] In order to determine if the Nsf1 allele was consistent across maize lines, three corn lines with unknown sensitivity levels to nicosulfuron were tested to determine their reaction and then evaluate their sequences. Plants were misted with a 2.3 mM nicosulfuron, 0.5% v / v Kinetic surfactant solution at approximately the V3 stage. Both known resistant and sensitive lines were also grown and sprayed as controls. Results of the testing of the three lines showed that lines Q66 and Black Mexican Sweet (BMS) were resistant and line A188 was sensitive.

[0118] Of these two other resistant lines, Q66 and BMS, also possess this ORF, although Q66 differs from both B73 and BMS by 3 amino acids (FIG. 2a and 2b) These three var...

example 3

Testing of Maize Plants for Sensitivity to Nicosulfuron

[0123] Three corn lines with unknown sensitivity levels to nicosulfuron were tested to determine their reaction. Plants were misted with a 2.3 mM nicosulfuron, 0.5% v / v Kinetic surfactant solution at approximately the V3 stage. Both known resistant and sensitive lines were also grown and sprayed as controls. Results of the testing of the three lines showed that lines Q66 and BMS were resistant and line A188 was sensitive.

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Abstract

This invention relates to polynucleotide sequences encoding a gene that can confer resistance to at least one herbicide. It further relates to plants and seeds of plants carrying chimeric genes comprising said polynucleotide sequences, which enhance or confer resistance to at least one herbicide, and methods of making said plants and seeds. The invention further presents sequences that can be used as molecular markers that in turn can be used to identify the region of interest in corn lines resulting from new crosses and to quickly and efficiently select the best lines for breeding strategies by avoiding sensitive lines.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS [0001] This application is a divisional application of U.S. Utility Application Ser. No. 11 / 683,737, filed Mar. 8, 2007, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60 / 780,946, filed Mar. 9, 2006 and U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60 / 888,634 filed Feb. 7, 2007, the contents of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety.FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0002] This invention relates to compositions and methods useful in creating or enhancing herbicide resistance in plants. Additionally, the invention relates to plants that have been genetically transformed with the compositions of the invention. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0003] In the commercial production of crops, it is desirable to easily and quickly eliminate unwanted plants (i.e., “weeds”) from a field of crop plants. An ideal treatment would be one which could be applied to an entire field but which would eliminate only the unwanted plants while leavi...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A01H5/00
CPCC12N15/8278C12N15/8274
Inventor DAM, THAOGUIDA, ANTHONY D. JR.HAZEL, CHRISTINE B.LI, BAILINWILLIAMS, MARK E.
Owner EI DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO
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