High fill ratio reflective spatial light modulator with hidden hinge

Abstract

A micro mirror array having a hidden hinge that is useful, for example, in a reflective spatial light modulator. In one embodiment, the micro mirror array includes spacer support walls, a hinge, a mirror plate and a reflective surface on the upper surface of the mirror plate, the reflective surface concealing the hinge and the mirror plate. The micro mirror array fabricated from a single material.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS [0001] The present application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 10 / 849,364, entitled “High Fill Ratio Reflective Spatial Light Modulator with Hidden Hinge,” filed May 18, 2004; which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 10 / 611,121, entitled “High Fill Ratio Reflective Spatial Light Modulator with Hidden Hinge,” filed Jun. 30, 2003, now abandoned; which claims priority from U.S. Provisional Application No. 60 / 475,404, entitled “Hidden Hinge High Fill Ratio Reflective Spatial Light Modulator,” filed Jun. 2, 2003. U.S. application Ser. No. 10 / 849,364 is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 10 / 378,056, entitled “Reflective Spatial Light Modulator,” filed Feb. 27, 2003, now abandoned; which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60 / 390,389, entitled “Reflective Spatial Light Modulator,” filed Jun. 19, 2002. U.S. application Ser. No. 10 / 849,364 is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. applic...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0014] The micro mirror array includes a controllably deflectable mirror plate with a highly reflective surface to reflect incident light. The mirror plate is connected to a hinge by a connector. The hinge is in turn connected to a spacer support frame with spacer support walls. The hinge is substantially concealed under the reflective surface. By hiding the hinge substantially under the reflective surface, the amount of scattering and diffraction due to light hitting and reflecting off of an exposed hinge structure is eliminated, thereby maximizing the contrast ratio of the device.

[0016] Because the hinge and the mirror plate are in the same substrate (i.e., in the same layer), there is no translational movement or displacement as the mirror rotates about the longitudinal axis of the hinge. With no translational displacement, the gap between the mirrors and the support walls are limited only by the fabrication technology and process. The close spacing of the mirror plates and the hiding of by positioning the hinge substantially beneath the reflective surface allow for a high fill ratio for the micro mirror array, improved contrast ratio, minimized scattering and diffraction of light, and virtual elimination of light passing through the micro mirror array to strike the circuitry on the second substrate.

[0017] Further, because the mirror plate and the hinge are fabricated from a single crystal silicon material in a preferred embodiment, the resulting hinge is stronger and more reliable and suffers virtually from no memory effect, fractures along grain boundaries or fatigue. A single crystal silicon substrate has significantly fewer micro defects and cracks than other materials, especially deposited thin films. As a result, it is less likely to fracture (or to propagate micro fractures) along grain boundaries in a device. Also, use of a single substrate as in the present invention minimizes the use of multi-layer thin film stacking and etching processes and techniques.

[0018] The net result is an SLM that can achieve high optical efficiency and performance to produce high quality images reliably and cost-effectively.

Problems solved by technology

With no translational displacement, the gap between the mirrors and the support walls are limited only by the fabrication technology and process.

Images