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Methods for detecting DNA originating from different individuals

a technology of dna and dna, which is applied in the field of methods for detecting dna originating from different individuals, can solve the problems of inability to analyze by the current approach, and the inability to detect dna that the fetus has inherited from the mother in maternal plasma or serum,

Inactive Publication Date: 2005-12-22
THE CHINESE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present invention provides methods for differentiating DNA species originating from different individuals in a biological sample, such as fetal DNA in a maternal sample or organ donor DNA from an organ recipient. The methods involve measuring epigenetic differences in the DNA species, such as differences in DNA methylation, to differentiate them. The methods may be used for prenatal diagnosis or to detect abnormalities in a fetus or potential organ donor. The invention also provides kits for performing these methods and apparatuses for obtaining a maternal DNA sample. The technical effects of the invention include improved methods for identifying fetal DNA and predicting, monitoring, or diagnosing pregnancy-associated disorders.

Problems solved by technology

The corollary of this approach is that if the analysed region does not bear a genetic difference between the donor and recipient, then analysis by the current approach will not be possible.
Specifically, the detection of DNA that the fetus has inherited from the mother in maternal plasma or serum has been thought to be impossible.

Method used

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  • Methods for detecting DNA originating from different individuals
  • Methods for detecting DNA originating from different individuals
  • Methods for detecting DNA originating from different individuals

Examples

Experimental program
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example 1

[0032] Detection of Post-Bone Marrow Transplantation Chimerism Using a Novel Epigenetic Approach

[0033] Materials and Methods

[0034] Subjects and Samples

[0035] Four male marrow transplantation recipients, who received bone marrow from female donors, and 17 normal healthy subjects were recruited in this study. Buffy coat (BC) from all recruited EDTA-blood samples were harvested and stored at −20° C. as described (Lo et al., Am J Hum Genet 62:768-75 (1998).

[0036] DNA Isolation

[0037] DNA was extracted from the BC using a Nucleon DNA Extraction Kit (Scotlabs) according to manufacturer's recommendations.

[0038] Bisulfite Conversion

[0039] Bisulfite modification of DNA samples was performed using a CpGenome DNA Modification Kit (Intergen) as instructed by the manufacturer. With bisulfite conversion, unmethylated cytosine residues are converted to uracil while methylated cytosine residues remain unchanged (Herman et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:9821-6 (1996). The sequence difference b...

example 2

[0046] Differential DNA Methylation Between Fetus and Mother as a Strategy for Detecting Fetal DNA in Maternal Plasma

[0047] The present experiment demonstrates that by using a differentially methylated region in the human IGF2-H19 locus as an epigenetic marker in maternal plasma, detection of an allele that the fetus has inherited from the mother is possible. These results greatly expand the prenatal diagnostic possibilities of fetal DNA in maternal plasma allowing development of a gender- and polymorphism-independent fetal-specific marker in maternal plasma and new strategies for the prenatal diagnosis of imprinting disorders and certain chromosomal aneuploidies.

[0048] Materials and Methods

[0049] Subjects and Samples

[0050] Samples were collected from pregnant women with informed consent. In total, 21 and 18 women in the second trimester (17-21 weeks) and third trimester (37-42 weeks) of pregnancy, respectively, were recruited for this study. None of the recruited subjects had p...

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Abstract

In a first aspect, the present invention features methods for differentiating DNA species originating from different individuals in a biological sample. These methods may be used to differentiate or detect fetal DNA in a maternal sample or to differentiate DNA of an organ donor from DNA of an organ recipient. In preferred embodiments, the DNA species are differentiated by observing epigenetic differences in the DNA species such as differences in DNA methylation. In a second aspect, the present invention features methods of detecting genetic abnormalities in a fetus by detecting fetal DNA in a biological sample obtained from a mother. In a third aspect, the present invention features methods for differentiating DNA species originating from an organ donor from those of an organ recipient. In a fourth aspect, the present invention features kits for differentiating DNA species originating from different individuals in a biological sample.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0001] The presence of DNA originating from different individuals in bodily fluids is a well-known biological phenomenon in many clinical and biological scenarios. For example, following bone marrow transplantation, the hemopoietic system of the transplantation recipient will consist of varying proportions of donor's and recipient's cells. The ascertainment of the amount of donor's or recipient's cells has been performed by the detection of genetic differences between the donor and recipient, including gender (Mangioni et al., Bone Marrow Transplant 20:969-73 (1997)) and DNA polymorphisms (Roux et al., Blood 79:2775-83 (1992)). The corollary of this approach is that if the analysed region does not bear a genetic difference between the donor and recipient, then analysis by the current approach will not be possible. [0002] In another example, during pregnancy, detection of fetal DNA in maternal plasma and serum has been previously demonstrated (Lo et al., L...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): G01N33/50C12N15/09C12Q1/68
CPCC12Q2600/156C12Q1/6876C12Q1/6888C12Q2600/154
Inventor LO YUK-MING, DENNISPOON, LIT MAN
Owner THE CHINESE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG
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