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Phthalocyanine crystal, production process therefor, and electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge and apparatus using the crystal

a technology of phthalocyanine crystal and production process, which is applied in the field of phthalocyanine crystal, can solve the problems of low conductivity, difficult commercialization of gallium phthalocyanine crystal, and liable to fluctuation of photosensitive members using gallium phthalocyanine crystals

Inactive Publication Date: 2002-01-03
CANON KK
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

On the other hand, organic photoconductors, such as polyvinyl carbazole, oxadiazole, azo pigments and phthalocyanine have advantages of non-pollution characteristic and high productivity compared with the inorganic photoconductors but generally have a low conductivity so that the commercialization thereof has been difficult.
Electrophotographic photosensitive members using these gallium phthalocyanine crystals are liable to exhibit a fluctuation in electrophotographic performances depending on production lots and do not necessarily have satisfactory sensitivity, potential stability in repetitive use and chargeability in view of requirements for higher speed and higher image quality in electrophotography in recent years.
Further, while having an excellent sensitivity to long-wavelength region, an electrophotographic photosensitive member using a phthalocyanine compound is accompanied with difficulties, such as fluctuation in electrophotographic performances depending on production lots and liability of image defect (sometimes called "black spots"), that is, black spotty fog occurring in a white background region in a reversal development systems due to local charge injection, particularly in a high temperature / high humidity environment.
Further, the photosensitive member is accompanied with a difficulty that its light-part potential is liable to be fluctuated on repetitive use

Method used

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  • Phthalocyanine crystal, production process therefor, and electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge and apparatus using the crystal
  • Phthalocyanine crystal, production process therefor, and electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge and apparatus using the crystal
  • Phthalocyanine crystal, production process therefor, and electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge and apparatus using the crystal

Examples

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synthesis example 2

[0066] 15 parts of the chlorogallium phthalocyanine prepared in Synthesis Example 1 was dissolved in 300 parts of conc. sulfuric acid cooled at 15.degree. C., and the resultant solution was added dropwise into 2000 parts of iced water under stirring to cause re-precipitation, followed by filtration. The precipitate was washed in dispersion first within 2% ammonia water and then four times within deionized water, and then dried in vacuum at 40.degree. C. to obtain 13 parts of hydroxygallium phthalocyanine crystal. The hydroxygallium phthalocyanine crystal (represented by C.sub.32H.sub.17GaN.sub.8O) exhibited a powdery X-ray diffraction pattern as shown in FIG. 6 and the following results of elementary analysis.

2 Element Calculated (%) Measured (%) C 64.1 63..2 H 2.9 3.2 N 18.7 18.3 Cl 0.0 0.0

example 1

[0067] 15 parts of the chlorogallium phthalocyanine prepared in Synthesis Example 1 was dissolved in a mixture of 300 parts of conc. sulfuric acid and 1.5 parts (corresponding to 10% of the chlorogallium phthalocyanine) of .alpha.-chloronaphthalene (purity >85%, available from Tokyo Kasei Kogyo K.K.) cooled at 15.degree. C., and the resultant solution was added dropwise into 2000 parts of iced water under stirring to cause re-precipitation, followed by filtration. The precipitate was washed in dispersion first within 2% ammonia water and then four times within deionized water, and then dried in vacuum at 40.degree. C. to obtain 13 parts of hydroxygallium phthalocyanine crystal, which exhibited a powdery X-ray diffraction pattern as shown in FIG. 7.

example 2

[0068] 15 parts of the chlorogallium phthalocyanine prepared in Synthesis Example 1 was dissolved in 300 parts of conc. sulfuric acid cooled at 15.degree. C., and the resultant solution was added dropwise into a mixture of 2000 parts of iced water and 15 parts (corresponding to 100% of the chlorogallium phthalocyanine) under stirring to cause re-precipitation, followed by filtration. The precipitate was washed in dispersion first within 2% ammonia water and then four times within deionized water, and then dried in vacuum at 40.degree. C. to obtain 13 parts of hydroxygallium phthalocyanine crystal, which exhibited a powdery X-ray diffraction pattern as shown in FIG. 8.

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Abstract

An electrophotographic photosensitive member exhibiting a high sensitivity and a potential stability on repetitive use and capable of suppressing image defects, such as black spots in a reversal development scheme, is provided. The photosensitive member includes a support, and a phthalocyanine layer formed on the support and a novel phthalocyanine crystal, which comprises a phthalocyanine compound and a substituted or unsubstituted condensed polycyclic hydrocarbon compound.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION AND RELATED ART[0001] The present invention relates to a novel phthalocyanine crystal, a process for producing the phthalocyanine crystal, an electrophotographic photosensitive member using the phthalocyanine crystal, and a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus including the photosensitive member.[0002] As photoconductor materials for electrophotographic photosensitive members, inorganic photoconductors, such as cadmium sulfide, and zinc oxide, have been conventionally used. On the other hand, organic photoconductors, such as polyvinyl carbazole, oxadiazole, azo pigments and phthalocyanine have advantages of non-pollution characteristic and high productivity compared with the inorganic photoconductors but generally have a low conductivity so that the commercialization thereof has been difficult. For this reason, various sensitizing methods have been proposed, and among them, the use of a unction separation-type photosensitive member including ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C09B67/00C09B67/16C09B67/50G03G5/06
CPCC09B67/0019C09B67/0023C09B67/0026G03G5/0696
Inventor TANAKA, MASATOHIRANO, HIDETOSHITANABE, KANASAKURA, KAZUEFUJII, ATSUSHI
Owner CANON KK
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