Cultivation method for shortening growth period of bitter gourds

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation, and particularly relates to a cultivation method for shortening the growth period of bitter gourds. The cultivation method comprises the following steps of (1) establishment of greenhouses, (2) seed soaking, (3) seedling raising, (4) land preparation and base fertilizer application, (5) planting, (6) artificial pollination, (7) topdressing and (8) harvesting. The cultivation method for shortening the growth period of the bitter gourds has the advantages that by establishing the greenhouses with three-film covering, electric heat coil heating and supplement lights, the cultivation of strong seedlings is earlier, the botanical morphology, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic capacity and root activity of the seedlings are all obviously improved, the cultivated strong seedlings are transplanted into the warm greenhouse and the ordinary greenhouse for planting separately, and male flowers in the warm greenhouse are utilized to pollinate female flowers in the ordinary greenhouse, so that the problem that the bitter gourds have few male flowers or even no male flowers in winter and spring cultivation can be solved, and the growth period of the bitter gourds is accordingly earlier, and appears on the market about 25 days earlier than the regular time, the early yield is higher, and is increased by 94.22% in average, and the economic benefits are significantly improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation, and in particular relates to a cultivation method for advancing the growth period of bitter gourd. Background technique [0002] Bitter gourd, also known as bitter gourd, is a Cucurbitaceae plant and is an annual climbing herb. The fruit is oblong, with many irregular tumor-like protrusions on the surface. The seeds are hidden in the fleshy fruit, which is wrapped in a red sac when ripe. Bitter melon is a beloved vegetable, but is generally believed to be native to the tropics. Bitter gourd likes temperature, more heat-resistant, not cold-resistant. The optimum temperature for seed germination is 30-35°C. Germination is slow below 20°C, and difficult to germinate below 13°C. At about 25°C, seedlings with 4-5 true leaves can be bred in about 15 days, and it takes 20-30 days at about 15°C. Bitter melon plants grow slowly at 10-15°C, poor growth at temperatures below 10°C, and plants a...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At present, bitter gourd is mainly cultivated in greenhouses in winter and spring, but the growth of bitter gourd seedlings cultivated in ordinary greenhouses is relatively weak. Due to the low temperature in the early growth stage after transplanting, there are still problems with few or no male flowers. Plants, while there are fewer pollinators and less air flow in the greenhouse, the low pollination rate and low fruit set rate of insect pollination alone will lead to late fruiting and low initial yield of bitter melon

With the improvement of people's awareness of the nutritional value of bitter gourd and the therapeutic and health effects of food, there are higher requirements for the supply and period of supply of commercial melon. no market demand

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