Device and method for additive manufacturing and subtractive manufacturing repairing of steel rail by combining laser cladding with machining

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for additive manufacturing and subtractive manufacturing repairing of a steel rail by combining laser cladding with machining. The device is characterized in that thedevice comprises a laser cladding and machining material increasing and decreasing moving carrier (1) and motion executing components (2 and 2') arranged on the laser cladding and machining material increasing and decreasing moving carrier (1), the motion executing components (2 and 2') are each of a multi-axis mechanism, laser cladding machining heads (26) and machining heads (27) of the motion executing components (2 and 2') are mounted on the same axis in the multi-axis mechanism, by moving and rotationally adjusting the position and the posture, the laser cladding machining heads (26) conduct laser cladding machining on different parts of the steel rail (40), and then the machining heads (27) conduct machining on different normal angles of all cladding channels. According to the device, integrated additive manufacturing and subtractive manufacturing steel rail repairing combining laser cladding with machining is achieved, universality is high, and the device can adapt to laser cladding material increasing repairing and machining such as milling, polishing or grinding of steel rails abraded in different situations.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of material processing, and in particular relates to a device and a processing method for repairing rails by adding and subtracting materials in combination with laser cladding and machining, which can be used to improve the processing efficiency of the repaired rails and ensure the processing quality. Background technique [0002] For rails in service on existing lines, the wear of curved rails and turnouts is serious. The safe operation of the railway has high requirements on the smoothness of the line. In terms of wear and tear, the uniform wear of the line is a normal loss and generally does not affect the railway operation. Non-uniform wear, including vertical wear and side wear of curved rails, point rails, and branch centers; low joint wear of rail joints, etc., all affect the smoothness of the line, and need to be cured by laser cladding repair. [0003] The existing on-line laser cladding devices and methods...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] The existing on-line laser cladding devices and methods for rails are to firstly repair the rails by laser cladding through the laser cladding device, and then rely on manual experience to manually polish the cladding parts of the rails. The laser cladding device for rails does not have automatic machining Function and feasible execution algorithm, but manual polishing in the later stage is time-consuming, labor-intensive, inefficient, relies heavily on technical experience, has large errors and cannot guarantee processing standards, etc., which seriously restricts the already limited railway "skylight". Rail repair work during the period

[0004] On the other hand, the existing rail online laser cladding technology is too complicated for the measurement structure and calculation process of the complex profile of the rail, and the reliability is poor, and the adaptability to the different wear conditions of the rail along the line is poor. Therefore, The efficiency and quality of the repair cannot be guaranteed, and the device and method of pure laser cladding and subsequent manual machining are two independent parts. Laser cladding cannot be used to guide the automation of subsequent machining

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