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A kind of preparation method of nickel nitride-nickel foam composite lithium metal negative electrode current collector

A metal negative electrode and nickel foam technology, applied in the direction of electrode carrier/current collector, battery electrode, structural parts, etc., can solve the problems of low theoretical capacity of graphite negative electrode, reduced battery Coulombic efficiency, reduced battery cycle life, etc., to reduce nucleation Effects of overpotential, inhibition of dendrite growth, and reduction of local current density

Active Publication Date: 2021-06-11
SOUTHEAST UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] However, due to its low theoretical capacity (only 372mAh / g), the graphite negative electrode has gradually been unable to meet the needs of rapidly developing electronic devices, while the metal lithium negative electrode has a high theoretical specific capacity (3860mAh / g), low density (0.534g / cm 3 ) and low voltage window (-3.04V vs. standard hydrogen electrode), and has been widely concerned by researchers, especially when used as a negative electrode material for secondary batteries, it can greatly improve the energy density of the battery. It is considered to be Ideal anode material for next-generation secondary batteries
[0005] Although there are many advantages above, when lithium metal is used as the negative electrode material of the battery, there are still many problems and shortcomings, mainly including: the potential of lithium metal is -3.04V (compared with the standard hydrogen electrode), and the property is very active. This shows that lithium metal will react with most of the electrolyte to form a solid electrolyte film (SEI film), and in the process of charging and discharging, the SEI film is very easy to rupture, resulting in continuous consumption of the electrolyte and a decrease in the coulombic efficiency of the battery. ;In the process of charging and discharging, along with the deposition and extraction of lithium, it will lead to uneven lithium growth, which will eventually lead to the formation of lithium dendrites, which will continue to grow and eventually pierce the separator, resulting in short circuit of the battery and safety accidents
During the cycle, due to the breakage of dendrites, it is easy to cause "dead lithium", further reducing the cycle life of the battery

Method used

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  • A kind of preparation method of nickel nitride-nickel foam composite lithium metal negative electrode current collector
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  • A kind of preparation method of nickel nitride-nickel foam composite lithium metal negative electrode current collector

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Embodiment 1

[0035] A preparation method of nickel nitride-foam nickel composite lithium metal negative electrode collector, comprising the following steps:

[0036] 1) Stamp nickel foam into a disc with a diameter of 12mm, ultrasonically clean it with acetone, 2mol / L hydrochloric acid, and ethanol for 5 minutes, and then dry it at 80°C for 120 minutes;

[0037] 2) The nickel foam after drying is placed in the discharge plasma reaction furnace, the reaction furnace is evacuated, and the reaction gas is passed into the reaction furnace with the ratio and flow rate of hydrogen: nitrogen = 75sccm: 75sccm, and the control of the reaction furnace The vacuum degree is 150Pa;

[0038] 3) Turn on the radio frequency power supply, control the voltage to 550V, and the duty cycle to 85%, so that the plasma is discharged, the ionized working gas is high-energy particles bombarding nickel foam, the reaction temperature is controlled to be 450 ° C, the reaction time is 120 minutes, and natural cooling i...

Embodiment 2

[0041] A preparation method of nickel nitride-foam nickel composite lithium metal negative electrode collector, comprising the following steps:

[0042] 1) Stamp the nickel foam into a disc with a diameter of 12mm, ultrasonically clean it with acetone, 5mol / L hydrochloric acid, and ethanol for 10 minutes, and then dry it at 120°C for 300 minutes;

[0043] 2) The nickel foam after drying is placed in the discharge plasma reaction furnace, the reaction furnace is evacuated, and the reaction gas is passed into the reaction furnace with the ratio and flow rate of nitrogen: hydrogen=10sccm: 90sccm, and the control of the reaction furnace The vacuum degree is 200Pa;

[0044] 3) Turn on the radio frequency power supply, control the voltage to 350V, and the duty cycle to 35%, so that the plasma is discharged, the ionized working gas is high-energy particles bombarding nickel foam, the reaction temperature is controlled to be 300°C, the reaction time is 120min, and natural cooling is p...

Embodiment 4

[0053] A preparation method of nickel nitride-foam nickel composite lithium metal negative electrode collector, comprising the following steps:

[0054] 1) Stamp nickel foam into a disc with a diameter of 12mm, ultrasonically clean it with acetone, 5mol / L hydrochloric acid, and ethanol for 30 minutes, and then dry it at 120°C for 300 minutes;

[0055] 2) the nickel foam after drying is placed in the discharge plasma reaction furnace, the reaction furnace is evacuated, and the reaction gas is passed into the reaction furnace with the flow of nitrogen=500sccm, and the vacuum degree of the control reaction furnace is 500Pa;

[0056] 3) Turn on the radio frequency power supply, control the voltage to 700V, and the duty cycle to 85%, so that the plasma is discharged, the ionized working gas is high-energy particles bombarding nickel foam, the reaction temperature is controlled to be 600°C, the reaction time is 600min, and natural cooling is obtained to obtain nitrogen Nickel-nickel...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a nickel nitride-nickel foam composite lithium metal negative electrode current collector, which comprises the following steps: 1) preparing a foam nickel material of required specifications, cleaning and drying it for use; 2) making step 1) The cleaned and dried nickel foam is placed in a discharge plasma reaction furnace, and then the reaction furnace is evacuated and the reaction gas is continuously introduced; 3) the discharge generates plasma to bombard the foam nickel, and the reaction temperature and reaction time are controlled. Reaction generates nickel nitride layer, obtains described nickel nitride-nickel foam composite lithium metal negative electrode current collector. The invention utilizes the etching effect of plasma and the high chemical activity of nitrogen-containing particles to form a layer of lithium-friendly nickel nitride on the surface of nickel foam. During the charging and discharging process of the battery, the nickel nitride reacts with lithium to promote lithium The metal is uniformly deposited, and the preparation process is easy to control. The obtained negative electrode current collector has a three-dimensional structure, and the electrochemical performance is significantly improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a preparation method of a nickel nitride-foam nickel composite lithium metal negative electrode current collector, belonging to the technical field of energy. Background technique [0002] The progress and development of human civilization is closely related to energy technology. Fossil energy represented by coal, oil, and natural gas is an important cornerstone of social development and promotes the development of human society. However, in recent years, with the over-exploitation of fossil energy and the serious climate problems such as global warming, energy and the environment are facing unprecedented challenges. [0003] Lithium-ion battery is the most promising secondary battery. It has many advantages, including: high energy density, good safety performance, long charge and discharge cycle life, and low self-discharge. important research direction. [0004] However, due to its low theoretical capacity (only 372mAh / g), ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/66H01M4/80
CPCH01M4/661H01M4/667H01M4/808Y02E60/10
Inventor 陈坚朱建峰孙正明
Owner SOUTHEAST UNIV
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