A Breeding Method for Humidity and Heat Resistance, Early Maturity and High Yield Bitter Gourd

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of balsam pear breeding, and discloses a breeding method for balsam pear with high moisture and heat resistance, early maturation and high yield. By establishing a method for identifying the moisture and heat resistance of leaves at the seedling stage of balsam pear in vitro, identifying and screening balsam pear materials with resistance to heat and humidity, and using strong female lines of balsam pear for selfing The line MC01‑14 is a non-recurrent parent, and the moisture and heat tolerant bitter melon inbred line KG01 is a recurrent parent, which was backcrossed and bred into QC001, a female line of bitter melon with strong moisture and heat resistance; then QC001 was used to hybridize with moisture and heat tolerant bitter gourd materials to prepare multiple hybrid combinations, and screened A hybrid generation of bitter gourd with low joint position, many female flowers, resistance to humidity and heat, and beautiful fruit shape. The variety cultivated by the invention has the same species, the hybridization rate reaches more than 99%, the field performance is uniform, and it shows high temperature and high humidity resistance. It can still grow normally at a temperature of 38°C, has good precociousness, and has a high rate of female flower joints. The yield is high, the fruit is commercially available, the flesh is thick, and it is resistant to storage and transportation. It is suitable for greenhouse or open field cultivation in summer and autumn in South China.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of balsam pear breeding, in particular to a breeding method for balsam pear resistant to heat and humidity, early maturity and high yield. Background technique [0002] At present, the existing technology commonly used in the industry is as follows: bitter gourd can be planted all year round, and the long body and oily green bitter gourd is not only one of the important types of vegetables transported northward in winter in South China, but also an important type of vegetables in summer and autumn. But for a long time, attention has been paid to the breeding of bitter gourd varieties in winter or early spring, but the selection of new varieties of bitter gourd with heat resistance in summer and autumn has been neglected, resulting in the lack of heat-resistant, early-maturing, high-yield, high-quality bitter gourd varieties in production. Therefore, most of the currently planted balsam pear varieties adopt t...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, for a long time, attention has been paid to the breeding of bitter gourd varieties in winter or early spring, but neglected the breeding of new varieties of heat-resistant bitter gourd in summer and autumn, resulting in a lack of heat-resistant, early-maturing, high-yield, high-quality bitter gourd varieties in production.

Therefore, most of the currently planted bitter gourd varieties adopt winter northward transported bitter gourd varieties or use conventional local bitter gourd varieties, resulting in the production of bitter gourd in summer and autumn mostly showing late maturity, short harvest period, low yield, and poor economic benefits.

[0003] In summary, the problems in the prior art are: (1) common methods for identifying the heat resistance of bitter gourd include field identification, artificially simulated stress identification method and stress physiological identification method, etc., wherein field identification is greatly affected by environmental conditions, The reproducibility of the results is poor, the time required is long, and the workload is large. The artificial simulation stress identification method requires certain facility conditions and is difficult to carry out in large quantities. The stress physiological identification method is an indirect identification method, and its reliability is poor.

The above-mentioned existing identification methods are time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the efficiency is low

(2) It is difficult for the currently planted bitter gourd variety resources to take into account the excellent traits such as early maturity, heat and humidity resistance, and beautiful fruit shape, and it is difficult to directly apply them in summer and autumn production

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