Breeding method of damp-heat-resistant early-ripe high-yield bitter gourd

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of breeding of bitter gourd, and discloses a breeding method of damp-heat-resistant early-ripe high-yield bitter gourd. A damp-heat-resistant bitter gourdmaterial can be identified and screened by establishing a bitter gourd seedling-period leaf in-vitro damp-heat resistance identification method, a pistillate line bitter gourd selfing line MC01-14 isused as a nonrecurrent parent, a heat-damp-resistant bitter gourd selfing line KG01 is used as a recurrent parent, and the nonrecurrent parent and the recurrent parent are subject to backcross transformation to form the damp-heat-resistant pistillate line bitter gourd material QC001; and then the QC001 is used for being hybridized with a damp-heat-resistant bitter gourd material to prepare a plurality of hybrid combinations, and a bitter gourd hybrid generation with low node order, more female flowers, damp-heat resistance and beautiful fruit shape is selected from the hybrid combinations. A variety bred by virtue of the breeding method disclosed by the invention is consistent in nature, the hybridization rate reaches up to 99 percent, tidiness and consistency in field can be achieved, thehigh temperature resistance and high humidity resistance are high, the bitter gourd can grow normally at 38 DEG C, the early ripe performance is good, the female flower node rate is high, the yield is high, the fruit commodity performance is good, the pulp is thick, and the bitter gourd is suitable for storage and transportation and suitable for being planted in a greenhouse or in the field in south of China in summer and autumn.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of balsam pear breeding, in particular to a breeding method for balsam pear resistant to heat and humidity, early maturity and high yield. Background technique [0002] At present, the existing technologies commonly used in the industry are as follows: Bitter gourd can be planted all year round. The long body and oily green bitter gourd is not only one of the important vegetable types transported northward in winter in South China, but also an important type of vegetable in summer and autumn. But for a long time, attention has been paid to the breeding of bitter gourd varieties in winter or early spring, but the selection of new varieties of bitter gourd with heat resistance in summer and autumn has been neglected, resulting in the lack of heat-resistant, early-maturing, high-yield, high-quality bitter gourd varieties in production. Therefore, most of the currently planted balsam pear varieties adopt the va...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, for a long time, attention has been paid to the breeding of bitter gourd varieties in winter or early spring, but neglected the breeding of new varieties of heat-resistant bitter gourd in summer and autumn, resulting in a lack of heat-resistant, early-maturing, high-yield, high-quality bitter gourd varieties in production.

Therefore, most of the currently planted bitter gourd varieties adopt winter northward transported bitter gourd varieties or use conventional local bitter gourd varieties, resulting in the production of bitter gourd in summer and autumn mostly showing late maturity, short harvest period, low yield, and poor economic benefits.

[0003] In summary, the problems in the prior art are: (1) The commonly used methods to identify the heat resistance of bitter gourd include field identification, artificially simulated adversity identification method, and adversity physiological identification method. Among them, field identification is greatly affected by environmental conditions, and the results are poorly reproducible. It takes a long time and a large workload. Artificial adversity simulation The identification method needs certain facility conditions, and it is difficult to carry out in large quantities. The adversity physiological identification method is an indirect identification method, and its reliability is poor

The above-mentioned existing identification methods are time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the efficiency is low

(2) It is difficult for the currently planted bitter gourd variety resources to take into account the excellent traits such as early maturity, heat and humidity resistance, and beautiful fruit shape, and it is difficult to directly apply them in summer and autumn production

Images