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Corn straw total crop straw return protective farming method

A corn stalk and protective technology is applied in the field of protective tillage of returning corn stalks to the field, which can solve the problems of difficulty in ensuring the quality of sowing, easy breeding of pests and weeds, and non-rotten stalks, so as to protect the soil, accelerate the decay of the stalks, reduce the The effect of pests and weeds

Inactive Publication Date: 2018-09-04
JILIN ACAD OF AGRI MACHINERY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

This method is not suitable for areas with low temperature in winter and spring because the straw is not easy to rot, affects the increase of ground temperature, the quality of sowing is difficult to guarantee, and it is easy to breed diseases, insects and weeds. Pesticides to solve pests and weeds, affecting food security
[0006] To sum up, the processing of corn stalks has become a technical bottleneck in the promotion of conservation tillage in large areas

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0033] (1) During the autumn harvest in the first year, a corn harvester with the function of crushing and returning corn stalks to the field was used for harvesting operations, and at the same time, the crushed corn stalks were evenly scattered in the field to cover the ground.

[0034] (2) Before the land freezes, plow and prepare the land. There are two operation methods: the first one uses a loose harrow combined with a soil preparation machine to plow and prepare the land, and completes multiple operations such as stubble removal, straw cutting and mixed embedding, subsoiling, soil preparation, and suppression at one time; the second uses a disc heavy harrow combined The soil preparation machine performs plowing and land preparation operations, and completes multiple operations such as stubble removal, straw cutting and mixed embedding, land preparation, and suppression at one time.

[0035] (3) Sow directly in the spring sowing period of the second year, and use a no-til...

Embodiment 2

[0044] (1) During the autumn harvest in the first year, a corn harvester with the function of crushing and returning corn stalks to the field was used for harvesting operations. At the same time, the crushed corn stalks were evenly scattered in the field to cover the ground, and the straw and root stubble were kept for the winter.

[0045] (2) Before sowing in the spring of the second year, plowing and land preparation should be carried out. There are two operation methods: the first one uses a loose harrow combined with a soil preparation machine to plow and prepare the land, and completes multiple operations such as stubble removal, straw cutting and mixed embedding, subsoiling, soil preparation, and suppression at one time; the second uses a disc heavy harrow combined The soil preparation machine performs plowing and land preparation operations, and completes multiple operations such as stubble removal, straw cutting and mixed embedding, land preparation, and suppression at ...

Embodiment 3

[0055] (1) During the autumn harvest in the first year, a corn harvester with the function of crushing and returning corn stalks to the field was used for harvesting operations, and at the same time, the crushed corn stalks were evenly scattered in the field to cover the ground.

[0056] (2) Before the ground freezes, use a rake combined with a soil preparation machine to carry out plowing and preparation operations, and complete multiple operations such as stubble removal, straw cutting and mixed embedding, subsoiling, soil preparation, and suppression at one time.

[0057] (3) Before sowing in the spring of the second year, use a disc heavy harrow combined with a soil preparation machine to carry out plowing and preparation operations, and complete multiple operations such as stubble removal, straw cutting and mixed burial, soil preparation, and suppression at one time.

[0058] (4) Sow directly in the spring sowing period of the second year, and use a precision seeder to com...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a corn straw total crop straw return protective farming method. A corn harvester with the straw crushing and returning function is adopted for harvesting during the autumn harvest in first year, meanwhile, the crushed corn straws are uniformly thrown into the field, and the ground surface is covered; ploughing and soil preparation operation is carried out; stubble ploughing, straw cutting and mix burying, subsoiling, soil preparation, compacting and the like are completed at one time; in the spring period in the second year, direct seeding is carried out, multiple worksuch as fertilization, precision seeding, soil covering, compacting and the like can be completed at one time; a nitrogen fertilizer is applied between the seedlings by a topdressing machine during the growth period of the corns. According to the method, the straw cutting segments are uniformly mixed in the soil of the tilling layer, so that the ground temperature can be improved, the straw rotting is accelerated, the diseases and pests are reduced, and meanwhile a certain surface straw coverage rate can be guaranteed, wind erosion and water erosion are reduced, and the purpose of protecting the soil is achieved, the method is especially suitable for being applied and popularized in regions with low winter and spring temperature in the northeast, and a technical support is provided for large-area popularization and protection of the regions.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation, and in particular relates to a protective tillage method for returning full corn stalks to the field. Background technique [0002] The Northeast Plain is one of the three typical black soil regions in the world, and the central region is one of the three golden corn belts in the world. Due to long-term traditional farming, frequent operations, bare leisure, and seldom returning straw to the field, water erosion and wind erosion are serious, soil fertility continues to decline, and the black soil layer gradually becomes thinner. According to statistics, it takes about 300 to 400 years to form a 1cm black soil layer, and tens of thousands of years to form a 30cm thick black soil layer. It can be seen that the protection of black soil is urgent. At present, conservation tillage technology is one of the more effective measures to protect black soil. [0003] Conservation tillage has becom...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): A01B79/02
CPCA01B79/02Y02P60/20
Inventor 范旭辉李洪刚刘鸿雁李明森李光张明宇张冲王华泽庞玉艳侯锡彬于英林
Owner JILIN ACAD OF AGRI MACHINERY
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