Sensors and detectors based on avalanche photodiodes

Abstract

The invention relates to a sensor and a detector on the basis of avalanche photodiodes. The sensor comprises a plurality of APD (avalanche photodiode) sensors. The multiple APD sensors are parallelly sequentially stacked on one another and include single-tube APD sensors or array APD sensors. The detector comprises the sensor and a multi-channel reading circuit. The multi-channel reading circuit comprises current-to-voltage amplification modules and baseline restoration modules, is electrically coupled with the sensor and is used for reading out current signals outputted by the sensor. The sensor and the detector have the advantages that the sensor is configured with the multiple APD sensors which are parallelly sequentially stacked on one another, and accordingly the sensor and the detector are high in quantum efficiency under the condition of sub-nanosecond time resolution; the detector is configured with the multi-channel reading circuit, weak signals outputted by the APD sensors can be read out, the APD sensors can be effectively matched with one another, accordingly, the time resolution performance of the APD detector can be improved, and the integration level of the APD detector can be upgraded.

Description

technical field [0001] The disclosure relates to the fields of nuclear detection technology and nuclear electronics, in particular, to a sensor and a detector based on an avalanche photodiode. Background technique [0002] Synchrotron radiation detectors with high time resolution and high quantum efficiency are one of the key technologies that need breakthroughs in the third-generation light sources. Research institutions at home and abroad are increasing investment in research on time-resolved detectors. Detectors based on avalanche photodiodes (APDs) can directly detect X-rays and have nanosecond or faster time resolution while featuring high count rate, high saturation, and large dynamic range. APD detectors are the most commonly used detectors in current ultrafast X-ray time-resolved experiments, and further improving their time-resolution capabilities and quantum efficiency has become a hot research topic in the field of detectors. For example, when the APD detector is...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Although the research on time-resolved APD detectors has made progress, there are still some deficiencies: (1) Existing APD detectors cannot achieve high quantum efficiency at the same time when achieving sub-nanosecond time resolution, which greatly reduces the Experimental efficiency

Most commonly used nuclear isotopes in NRS assays 57 The nuclear resonance energy level of Fe is 14.4keV, and the maximum value of these detectors to this energy X-ray quantum efficiency is only 25%. The readout circuit is not well matched to the APD sensor, which degrades the overall performance of the APD detector and is not conducive to system integration

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