Aliphatic nitrile catalytic oxidation synthesis method

Abstract

The invention discloses an aliphatic nitrile catalytic oxidation synthesis method. With aliphatic aldehyde serving as reaction substrate, 2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxygen radical (TEMPO), alkali metal salt and tert-butyl nitrite (TBN) as catalysts, hexamethyl-disilazane (HMDS) as the nitrogen source and oxygen as an oxidizing agent, the reaction substrate is reacted in organic solvent at normal pressure at the temperature of 25-50 DEG C, and aftertreatment is performed after reaction to obtain the aliphatic nitrile. The method is easy and safe to operate, and environment cost is lowered.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of chemistry, and particularly relates to a method for catalytic oxidation synthesis of fatty nitrile. Background technique [0002] Nitriles are important building blocks in organic synthesis, and are key structural units for many dyes, medicines, pesticides and electronic materials. Since the cyano group contained in it has the ability to transform into other important functional groups such as amino, amide, aldehyde, carboxyl and ester groups, nitrile compounds are also important intermediates in organic synthesis. The most traditional synthesis method of nitriles is through Sandmeyer reaction or Rosenmund–vonBraun reaction, but these two methods have serious drawbacks. Both require the use of stoichiometric CuCN and the reaction conditions are relatively severe. Since then, a transition metal-catalyzed cyanidation reaction route of aromatic halides has been developed to synthesize aromatic nitriles. KCN, NaC...

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Problems solved by technology

The disadvantages of this type of synthesis method are: (1) the cyanogen sources used are generally poisonous, and care must be taken during use to avoid the generation of toxic HCN; (2) stoichiometric metal wastes are inevitably generated, resulting in (3) The control requirements of the reaction process are relatively strict

JinhoKim (J.Org.Chem.2015, 80, 11624) reported a aldehyde compound as raw material, ammonium acetate as nitrogen source, and 4-acetylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperene The method of synthesizing nitrile compounds with pyridine nitroxide free radical as catalyst and oxygen as oxidant, but this method has limitations in use, and aliphatic aldehyde is not suitable as a substrate

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