Preparation methods of nitrile and corresponding amine

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of nitrile. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method has the characteristics of obvious reduction of the usage amount of ammonia sources, low environmental pressure, low energy consumption, low production cost, high purity and yields of nitrile products, and the like, and can be used for obtaining nitrile with a more complex structure. The invention also relates to a method for preparing corresponding amine with nitrile.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a process for the production of nitriles and a process for producing corresponding amines from the nitriles. Background technique [0002] Aliphatic polyhydric nitriles such as aliphatic dibasic nitriles are very important chemical intermediates. It and its derivatives have a very wide range of uses. For example, aliphatic diamines, one of its derivatives, are used to produce nylon 66, nylon 1010 and Basic raw material for nylon 1212, etc. [0003] Aliphatic dibasic nitriles, especially advanced aliphatic dibasic nitriles, are prepared industrially using carboxylic acid ammoniation. The widely used process is to heat and dissolve carboxylic acids or their derivatives in an open system, and then continue to Pass ammonia gas into the solution, so that the system reacts in the presence of catalysts such as phosphoric acid or phosphate, and the process contains NH 3 Problems such as excessive dosage, serious material loss and low...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] For this reason, the inventor of the present invention finds by research, and prior art is when producing corresponding aliphatic polyhydric nitrile by aliphatic polycarboxylic acid ammoniation method, in order to make ammoniation fully carry out, this technology must be in the carboxylic acid The ammonia source (ammonia gas) is continuously supplied (introduced) to the reaction system as a raw material during the entire ammoniation process or within a relatively long reaction time, so the amount of ammonia gas is huge, resulting in the actual amount of ammonia gas far exceeding the ammoniation reaction. The required amount may be tens of millions of times the actual reaction requirement, resulting in extremely low ammonia utilization

In addition, due to the extremely low utilization rate of ammonia, the ammonification reaction produces a large amount of waste ammonia water but cannot be recycled. After discharge, it will cause huge pressure on the environment, which is inconsistent with the current green production concept.

Moreover, since the ammoniation reaction of this technology adopts an overall higher reaction temperature (for example, exceeding 300° C.) and an overall longer reaction time, the energy consumption is higher, resulting in higher production costs, and there are also reactions during the reaction process. Severe material loss (for example, the reaction material is entrained out of the reaction system due to the continuous feeding of ammonia gas flow) and many side reactions, which make it difficult to effectively improve the quality and yield of nitrile products, etc.

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