Normal alignment method based on parallel mechanism

Abstract

The invention discloses a normal alignment method based on a parallel mechanism, and belongs to the field of normal precision control. A device used by the normal alignment method comprises the parallel mechanism, a cross slide table, four laser displacement sensors and an end effecter, wherein the parallel mechanism comprises a fixed platform and a movable platform connected through a connecting rod; the end effecter is mounted on the movable platform of the parallel mechanism; the fixed platform of the parallel mechanism is mounted on the cross slide table; and the laser displacement sensors are mounted on the end effecter. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, a parallel mechanism coordinate system and a tool coordinate system are built, and an anticipant normal posture of the end effecter is calculated through distance values detected by the laser displacement sensors; and finally, an adjustment amount of the parallel mechanism is obtained through inverse solution of deviation from a present posture to the anticipant posture under the condition of guarantee the invariability of a virtual knife point position so as to realize normal alignment. The device used by the normal alignment method has the advantages of good rigidity, high bearing capacity, simple inverse solution algorithm and high precision, and can quickly realize the normal alignment of the end effecter.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a normal alignment method, in particular to a normal alignment method based on a parallel mechanism, and belongs to the field of normal accuracy control. Background technique [0002] The assembly of aircraft parts is mainly realized by riveting. The quality of riveting directly affects the performance and safety of the aircraft. Therefore, riveting is a very important process in the aircraft manufacturing process. The hole-making accuracy before riveting plays a decisive role in the quality of riveting, especially the degree to which the axial direction of the tool is consistent with the normal direction of the position where the hole is to be made on the skin during hole making. Therefore, the attitude of the product or the tool must be adjusted before making the hole to ensure the vertical accuracy between the tool axis and the hole making position. [0003] At present, there are two ways to adjust the normal posture of the...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] In November 2007, "Acta Aeronautics" No. 06, pages 1455-1459, published a three-point fast leveling algorithm for large-scale wallboard CNC drilling and riveting with authors Qin Xiansheng, Wang Wendan and Wei Teng, which described a A normal attitude adjustment method that adjusts the product attitude through the CNC bracket to make the tool axis consistent with the normal direction at the processing position. This method uses three displacement sensors installed on the power head of the riveting machine to detect the normal deviation. In order to achieve the purpose of normal alignment based on the calculation of the adjustment amount of each adjustment axis of the bracket, the disadvantage is that the aircraft parts are generally large in size and complex in structure, and it is difficult to adjust and the adjustment range is limited. Structural rigidity and control precision put forward higher requirements

[0005] On November 20, 2013, the Chinese invention patent CN 102284956 B disclosed a normal alignment method for an automatic drilling and riveting robot, which calculates the tool axis and the hole-making position through the detection and calculation of four laser displacement sensors installed on the end effector. The deviation of the normal direction is used as a basis to calculate the adjustment amount of the 6 joints of the robot, so as to adjust the consistency between the tool axis and the normal direction of the skin. This attitude adjustment method is mainly used for the assembly of small parts such as aircraft wing parts and vertical tails. Normal attitude adjustment during hole making, but for the hole making at the butt joints of large aircraft such as the C919 fuselage, this floor-mounted assembly system cannot meet the requirements

[0006] On March 28, 2012, the Chinese invention patent CN101957175B disclosed a method based on a three-point micro-plane normal direction detection method, which uses a plane approximation instead of a micro-curved surface, and applies laser displacement sensor technology and data acquisition technology, through a certain algorithm The method of measuring the normal vector of the point to be measured on the surface, the shortcoming of this detection method is that the sensor needs to use the sensor to collect 30 measurement points on the proposed spherical surface to calibrate the attitude parameters of the laser displacement sensor during the normal detection process, so that It will complicate the calculation process and cannot be applied to the normal alignment of the end effector of the automatic drilling and riveting system

[0007] In the 7th issue of "Modern Manufacturing Engineering" in 2010, the authors Xie Youjin, Wang Zhongqi, Kang Yonggang, and Ying Gaoming's research on the algorithm for solving the normal vector of the deformed surface by spherical approximation was published. The spherical approximation described by it can solve the normal vector of the deformed surface. Solve the problem of solving the loss vector of the surface point method in real time, but this measurement method, like the traditional detection method, has the disadvantages of high requirements for detection equipment, large amount of data collection, complex data processing, and long time-consuming

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