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Method for cultivating dryland wheat simply at high yield and high efficiency

A cultivation method and wheat technology are applied in the field of high-yield, efficient, light-simple cultivation of wheat in dry land, can solve the problems of unsuitable mechanized cultivation, high cost of intensive cultivation, low yield, etc., and achieve improved grain yield and water use efficiency, and high fertilizer and precipitation use efficiency. , good effect

Active Publication Date: 2014-10-29
WHEAT RES INST OF AGRI SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] The present invention provides a high-yield, high-efficiency, light and simple cultivation method for dryland wheat in order to solve the problems of high cost, low and unstable yield and unsuitability for mechanized cultivation in existing intensive cultivation

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0012] The high-yield, high-efficiency, light and simple cultivation method of dryland wheat adopts the following steps: a. When the wheat is mechanically harvested, the stubble height is 25cm-28cm, and all the wheat straw is returned to the field evenly, and the return amount is 170kg-180kg / mu; b. Plow 28cm-30cm, and apply diammonium phosphate containing 7.0kg / mu of phosphorus pentoxide during deep plowing; c. On July 25, when the coverage rate of weeds in the wheat field reaches 11.3%, use 20% paraquat water 200mL / mu spray chemical weeding on 40kg of water; d. Select coated seeds with seed purity ≥ 99%, clarity ≥ 98.0%, and germination rate ≥ 85.0% for sowing; e. When the average temperature of the day is 16.0°C-17.0°C Seeding, the sowing rate is 8.5kg-9.5kg / mu; f, before the rotary tillage sowing and suppression, spread urea 17.0kg / mu, the rotary tillage depth is 14cm-15cm, and the sowing depth is 4.0cm-5.0cm; The soil ridge left by rotary tillage sowing; g, 40 days after t...

Embodiment 2

[0016] The high-yield, high-efficiency, light and simple cultivation method of dryland wheat adopts the following steps: a. When the wheat is mechanically harvested, the stubble height is 28cm-30cm, and all the wheat straw is returned to the field evenly, and the return amount is 250kg-270kg / mu; b. On August 15 Deep plowing 28cm-30cm, when deep plowing, apply diammonium phosphate containing 8.0kg / mu of phosphorus pentoxide; c. On July 27, when the coverage rate of weeds in the wheat field reaches 10%, use 10% glyphosate Phosphine water agent 500mL / mu, spray 35kg of water to remove; d, select coated seeds with seed purity ≥ 99%, clarity ≥ 98.0%, and germination rate ≥ 85.0% for sowing; e, at a daily average temperature of 16°C- Sowing at 17°C, the sowing rate is 9.0kg-10.0kg / mu; f, before rotary tillage sowing and suppression, sprinkle urea 16.5kg / mu, the rotary tillage depth is 14cm-15cm, and the sowing depth is 4.0cm-5.0cm; 2 days after sowing , use animal power to harrow the...

Embodiment 3

[0020]The high-yield, high-efficiency, light and simple cultivation method of dryland wheat adopts the following steps: a. When the wheat is mechanically harvested, the stubble height is 27cm-29cm, and all the wheat straw is returned to the field evenly, and the return amount is 340kg-350kg / mu; b. On August 19 Deep plowing of 29cm-30cm, when deep plowing, apply diammonium phosphate fertilizer containing 8.0kg / mu of phosphorus pentoxide; c. On July 20, when the coverage rate of weeds in the wheat field reaches 15%, use 20% Baicao Desiccant agent 300mL / mu, spray 35kg of water to remove; d, choose coated seeds with seed purity ≥ 99%, clarity ≥ 98.0%, germination rate ≥ 85.0% for sowing; e, daily average temperature 15.5 ℃ -16.5 Sowing at ℃, the sowing rate is 8.0kg-9.0kg / mu; f, before the rotary tillage sowing and suppression, spread urea 18.5kg / mu, the rotary tillage depth is 14cm-15cm, and the sowing depth is 4.0cm-5.0cm; 1 day after sowing, Rake the soil ridge left by the rota...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating dryland wheat simply at high yield and high efficiency. The method solves the problems that existing intensive cultivation is high in cost, low and unstable in yield and unsuitable for mechanical cultivation. The method comprises the steps that a, when the wheat is harvested mechanically, high stubble is reserved and returned to the field completely; b, deep ploughing is conducted, and diammonium phosphate fertilizer containing phosphorus pentoxide is applied to the field; c, weeding is conducted after the wheat is harvested and before deep ploughing is conducted; d, coated seeds are selected and used for seeding; e, seeding is conducted when the daily average temperature ranges from 15.5 DEG C to 18.0 DEG C, and the seeding rate ranges from 8.0 kg to 10.0 kg / mu; f, before rotary tillage seeding repression, urea is applied to the field for 16.5-18.5 kg / mu, the rotary tillage depth ranges from 14 cm to 16 cm, the seeding depth ranges from 4 cm to 5 cm, and ridges are made flat through a rake after seeding; g, after seedlings of the wheat emerge, chemical weeding is conducted in time; h, if the soil moisture content is large, ploughing is conducted when the earth surface begins unfreezing, soil is crashed and the field is flattened after ploughing, and soil moisture is preserved ; i, red spiders and wheat aphids are prevented and controlled by means of spraying mist; j, one spraying and three prevention is conducted according to the conditions of diseases and insect pests, and spraying is conducted once again every 10 d; k, in the last dough stage of the wheat, the wheat is harvested mechanically in time. By means of the method, the moisture storage capacity of the soil with the thickness ranging from 0 to 200 cm is increased apparently, and the utilization rate of nitrogenous fertilizer and the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer in current seasons are increased by 3.58%-5.69% and 1.86%-3.93% respectively.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a wheat cultivation method, in particular to a dry-land wheat that comprehensively utilizes wheat straw mulch to preserve moisture, adjusts deep plowing time, changes fertilization mode, sows at the right time, cooperates with spring suppression and harrowing to preserve moisture, and later "one spray and three prevention" technical measures High-yield, high-efficiency, light and simple cultivation method. Background technique [0002] Dryland wheat occupies an important position in my country's wheat production, with a planting area of ​​nearly 100 million mu. Traditional dryland wheat cultivation techniques mainly rely on repeated intensive cultivation and fine field management. details as follows: [0003] The first is to achieve stable and high-yield cultivation of dryland wheat through improving soil and water conservation, "four early and three more" plowing during the summer season, and multiple intertillage hoeing and...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): A01G1/00A01B79/02
Inventor 党建友张定一裴雪霞杜春芳王姣爱张晶闫翠萍
Owner WHEAT RES INST OF AGRI SCI
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