Poultry meat and eggs comprising beneficial fatty acids
A fatty acid and total fatty acid technology, which is applied to the functions of food ingredients, animal husbandry, additional food elements, etc., can solve problems such as no introduction
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[0058] Preparation of SDA
[0059] The present disclosure relates to systems for improved methods of plant-based preparation of linoleic acid and its incorporation into human and livestock diets to improve human health. Said production can be genetically modified by using transgenic plants to produce SDA in high enough yield that it can be commercially incorporated into food products. For purposes of this disclosure, the acid and salt forms of fatty acids (eg, butyric acid and butyrate, arachidonic acid and arachidonic acid salt) are considered interchangeable chemical forms.
[0060] All higher plants have the ability to synthesize mainly 18-carbon PUFAs, LA and ALA, and in some cases, SDA (C18:4n3, SDA), are able to further elongate and desaturate them Thereby generating arachidonic acid (AA), EPA or DHA. Thus, the synthesis of EPA and / or DHA in higher plants requires the introduction of multiple genes encoding all the biosynthetic enzymes required to convert LA to AA, or ...
Embodiment 1
[0088] Example 1: Poultry meat product - 21 day study (SDA ethyl ester)
[0089] A 21-day study was conducted to determine that broiler chickens fed a primer containing SDA were able to produce meat with high levels of omega-3 fatty acids, including EPA and DHA.
[0090] 50 pens with 4 species of birds per pen were used. Five pens of males and five pens of females were fed one of the five treatment diets from day 21 to day 42. Until day 21, all birds were fed a standard 22% protein starter diet formulated to meet NRC (1994) nutrient requirements (shown as "S" diet in Table 16). The prepared feed is fed in the form of fine crumbs.
[0091] Dietary treatments are shown in Table 3.
[0092] Table 3. Dietary treatments for n-3 enriched diets fed to broiler chickens on days (21-42)
[0093]
[0094] Percentage levels refer to the percentage of DHA or SDA ethyl ester in grams per gram in the total feed composition.
[0095] DHA and SDA ethyl ester were purchased from KD Phar...
Embodiment 2
[0127] Example 2: Poultry meat product - 42 day study (SDA ethyl ester)
[0128] A 42-day study was conducted to determine that broiler chicks fed a diet containing SDA were able to produce meat with high levels of omega-3 fatty acids compared to chicks fed a diet containing DHA and fish oil.
[0129] 56 pens with 25 males per pen (Ross x Ross 308) were used. 1 day old birds were obtained and immediately placed in ground pens with (used) pine shavings, hanging tube feeders and nipple drinkers or all purpose puree. Each of the 8 pens was given one of the 7 treatments for 42 days. The experiments were divided into 4 growth phases (0-7 days, 7-21 days, 21-35 days and 35-42 days). During the first two periods (0-21 days), the test diets were crumbled and thereafter pelleted.
[0130] The dietary treatments are shown in Table 9.
[0131] Table 9. Dietary treatments for n-3 enriched diets fed to broiler chickens on days (0-42)
[0132]
[0133] The percentage level refers to...
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