Method for preparing metal nanomaterial with simulated cell structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a metal nanomaterial with a simulated cell structure, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: reducing metal ions in an external metal salt solution on surfaces of metal nanoparticles by using a reducing agent for forming a core-shell structure to form a binary metal core-shell structure; reducing high-valence metal ions in a subsequently added metal salt solution into middle and low-valence metal ions on the surface of the binary metal core-shell structure by using a reducing agent for forming the simulated cell structure; and sacrificing a metal shell through displacement reaction between two kinds of metal to form a simulated cell metal nanostructure consisting of a metal core, a cavity and metal walls. The severe condition required by the conventional single high-temperature metal displacement reaction is avoided, the shape of the original nanometal core can be completely kept, and the nanometal material of which the inner cavity contains the movable metal core is formed; and the metal nanomaterial can be applied to fields of environment detection, industrial catalysis, biomedicine and the like and is high in universality, and the preparation method is simple.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metal nanomaterial preparation, and in particular relates to a liquid-phase preparation method at room temperature of a metal nanomaterial with a cell-like structure. Background technique [0002] According to the British "Nano Today" (Nano Today, 2009, 4, 494) and the European Elsevier Press "Materials Science and Engineering" (Elsvier, Materials Science and Engineering R: 2010, 70, 44), the current preparation of hollow Porous metal nanomaterials mainly adopt metal replacement reaction at high temperature. However, due to the high temperature conditions of heating and boiling, the original shape of the nano-metal core is easily destroyed, and the shape change of the optically anisotropic metal nanoparticles will lead to the difficulty that the cell-like nanostructure cannot be formed. The biggest limitation of the method is that it can only form a nanostructure with a complete inner cavity, and it is i...

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Problems solved by technology

However, due to the high temperature conditions of heating and boiling, the original shape of the nano-metal core is easily destroyed, and the shape change of the optically anisotropic metal nanoparticles will lead to the difficulty that the cell-like nanostructure cannot be formed. The biggest limitation of the method is that it can only form a nanostructure with a complete inner cavity, and it is impossible to synthesize a cell-like nanostructure with a mobile metal core in the inner cavity.

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